Abstract: In order to reveal the impact hazard of strong impact thick coal seam working face mining to special areas and improve the safety of anti impact during mining, this paper takes the square composite structure area of the 401106 working face in Hujiahe Mine as the engineering background, comprehensively adopts theoretical analysis, on-site measurement and other research methods to study the spatiotemporal evolution law of microseismic in the square composite structure area, explains the mechanism of coal rock mass induced impact, and proposes a "regional+local" load reduction anti impact technology based on the idea of "source separation, classification prevention and control". The following conclusions were drawn: the load concentration in the square composite structure area is relatively high, the frequency and energy of microseismic events have increased significantly, the degree of fracture in coal and rock masses is more developed, and the activity of microseismic events is relatively intense. The average maximum energy of microseismic events and the energy released per meter have increased by 20.1% and 26.3% respectively compared to conventional areas, and the distribution is approximately parabolic; Under the combined influence of factors such as square effect, tectonic action, hard overlying rock, and adjacent goaf, the risk of impact in coal rock mass increases; For the hard overlying rock that nurtures dynamic and static load sources, the coordinated prevention and control of underground long hole area fracturing and roof pre splitting blasting technology is adopted; For the coal body in the square composite structure area with accumulated static load sources, the loosening blasting technology of the upper and lower sides is adopted to reduce the period of compression step distance and dynamic load coefficient, improve the overall stability of the surrounding rock and the safety during the mining period.