液压支架顶梁裂纹弱磁无损检测分析

刘宁; 辛嵩; 贺敏; 陈秋艳

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2022060108

液压支架顶梁裂纹弱磁无损检测分析

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2022060108

刘宁^1,,
辛嵩¹,
贺敏^{1, 2, ,},
陈秋艳¹

1.
山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院, 山东青岛　266590
2.
烟台哈尔滨工程大学研究院, 山东烟台　264000

基金项目: 山东省自然科学基金资助项目（ZR2019BEE041）。

详细信息

作者简介:
刘宁（1997—），男，山东临沂人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为弱磁无损检测，E-mail：1611075587@qq.com

通讯作者:
贺敏（1989—），男，山东济宁人，讲师，博士，主要研究方向为无损检测技术及应用，E-mail：hemin2009mail@163.com

中图分类号: TD355.4
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-30
- 修回日期: 2022-08-30
- 网络出版日期: 2022-08-30

Analysis of weak magnetic nondestructive testing for cracks in the top beam of hydraulic support

LIU Ning^1
,,
XIN Song¹,
HE Min^{1, 2
, ,},
CHEN Qiuyan¹

1.
College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
2.
Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264000, China

摘要

摘要: 针对目前液压支架裂纹检测方法操作繁琐的问题，提出了一种基于地磁场激励的液压支架顶梁裂纹弱磁无损检测方法。首先运用COMSOL Multiphysics 仿真软件对液压支架顶梁裂纹处的应力场进行分析，然后基于弱磁无损检测原理，在仿真空间内加载地磁场，得到顶梁含裂纹缺陷材料磁化后与地磁场形成的叠加场，对该叠加场进行分析。结果表明：① 在液压支架顶梁缺陷处有应力集中现象，且越靠下应力越大，裂纹由表及里向两侧拓展，及时发现表面裂纹可有效减小顶梁失效风险。② 当裂纹缺陷的长度与深度固定时，不同宽度裂纹的磁通密度模曲线的波谷与波峰的水平间距和波峰值随宽度的增加而增大，波谷值随宽度的增加而先减小后增大。磁通密度模变化的幅值随裂纹宽度的增加而增大，磁通密度模相邻最大谷峰差的变化率随宽度的增加而减小。磁通密度的变化幅值与裂纹宽度的变化呈正相关。③ 当裂纹缺陷的长度与宽度固定时，不同深度裂纹的磁通密度模曲线的波谷值差异较小，左侧波峰值随宽度的增加而增大，右侧波峰值随宽度的增加而减小。随着裂纹深度的增加，磁通密度模的变化幅值增大，磁通密度模相邻最大谷峰差的变化率几乎不变。磁通密度的变化幅值与裂纹深度的变化呈正相关。相较于裂纹的深度变化，磁通密度对裂纹的宽度变化更为敏感。④ 当裂纹缺陷的长度、宽度与深度固定时，改变裂纹的走向并不影响对裂纹缺陷处的判断。
- 液压支架 /
- 顶梁裂纹 /
- 地磁场 /
- 弱磁无损检测 /
- 磁通密度 /
- 应力集中
Abstract: In view of the complicated operation of the current crack detection method of hydraulic support, a weak magnetic nondestructive detection method for cracks in the top beam of hydraulic support based on geomagnetic field excitation is proposed. Firstly, the stress field of the crack in the top beam of hydraulic support is analyzed by using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software. Secondly, based on the principle of weak magnetic nondestructive testing, the geomagnetic field is loaded in the simulation space. The superimposed field formed by the magnetized material with crack defects and the geomagnetic field is obtained and analyzed. The results show the following points. ① There is stress concentration phenomenon in the top beam defect of hydraulic support. The lower the stress is, the greater the stress is. The crack expands from the outside to the inside to both sides. The failure risk of the top beam can be effectively reduced by finding the surface crack in time. ② When the length and depth of the crack defect are fixed, the horizontal distance between the valley and the peak and the peak value of the magnetic flux density mode curve of different width cracks increase with the increase of the width. The valley value decreases first and then increases with the increase of the width. The amplitude of the flux density mode increases with the crack width. The variation rate of the difference between the adjacent maximum valley and peak of the flux density mode decreases with the crack width. The change amplitude of magnetic flux density is positively correlated with the change of crack width. ③ When the length and width of the crack defect are fixed, the valley value of the magnetic flux density mode curve of different depth cracks has little difference. The left peak value increases with the increase of the width. The right peak value decreases with the increase of the width. With the increase of the crack depth, the change amplitude of the flux density mode increases. The change rate of the difference between the adjacent maximum valley and peak of the flux density mode is almost constant. The change amplitude of magnetic flux density is positively correlated with the change of crack depth. The magnetic flux density is more sensitive to the change of crack width than to the change of crack depth. ④ When the length, width and depth of the crack defect are fixed, the change in the direction of the crack does not affect the judgment of crack defects.
- hydraulic support /
- crack of the top beam /
- geomagnetic field /
- weak magnetic nondestructive testing /
- magnetic flux density /
- stress concentration

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图 1 弱磁无损检测原理

Figure 1. Detection principle of weak magnetic nondestructive testing

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图 2 液压支架掩护梁与顶梁常见断裂形式

Figure 2. Common crack forms of hydraulic support cover beam and top beam

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图 3 液压支架裂纹模型

Figure 3. Hydraulic support crack model

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图 4 Q550钢板不同走向的裂纹缺陷模型

Figure 4. Crack defect models for Q550 steel plate at different orientations

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图 5 网格划分

Figure 5. Grid division

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图 6 地磁场加载

Figure 6. Geomagnetic field loading

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图 7 液压支架应力分布

Figure 7. Hydraulic support stress distribution

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图 8 不同载荷时裂纹上部截线的应力

Figure 8. Stress on the upper section of the crack under different loads

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图 10 不同载荷时裂纹垂直截线的应力

Figure 10. Stress on the vertical cross-section of the crack under different loads

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图 9 不同载荷时裂纹中部截线的应力

Figure 9. Stress on the middle section of the crack under different loads

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图 11 Q550钢板磁通密度

Figure 11. Q550 steel plate magnetic flux density

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图 12 不同宽度裂纹的磁通密度模及其相邻最大谷峰差

Figure 12. Magnetic flux density modes and adjacent maximum peak differences for cracks of different widths

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图 13 不同宽度裂纹的磁通密度x分量及其相邻最大谷峰差

Figure 13. The x-component of magnetic flux density and adjacent maximum peak difference for cracks of different widths

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图 14 不同宽度裂纹的磁通密度z 分量及其相邻最大谷峰差

Figure 14. The z-component of magnetic flux density and adjacent maximum peak differences for cracks of different widths

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图 15 不同深度裂纹的磁通密度模及其相邻最大谷峰差

Figure 15. Magnetic flux density modes and adjacent maximum peak differences for cracks of different depths

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图 16 不同深度裂纹的磁通密度x分量及其相邻最大谷峰差

Figure 16. The x-component of magnetic flux density and adjacent maximum peak difference for cracks of different depths

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图 17 不同深度裂纹的磁通密度z分量及其相邻最大谷峰差

Figure 17. The z-component of magnetic flux density and adjacent maximum peak differences for cracks of different depths

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图 18 不同走向裂纹的磁通密度模及其相邻最大谷峰差

Figure 18. Magnetic flux density modes and adjacent maximum peak differences for cracks of different orientations

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图 20 不同走向裂纹的磁通密度z分量与相邻最大谷峰差

Figure 20. The z-component of magnetic flux density and adjacent maximum valley difference for cracks of different orientations

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图 19 不同走向裂纹的磁通密度x分量及其相邻最大谷峰差

Figure 19. The x-component of magnetic flux density and adjacent maximum peak difference for cracks of different strike cracks orientations

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表 1 不同宽度裂纹钢板试件尺寸

Table 1. Dimensions of crack steel plate specimens at different width

材料编号长/mm 宽/mm 高/mm

Q550钢 1 20 2 2
2 20 4 2
3 20 6 2
4 20 8 2

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表 2 不同深度裂纹钢板试件尺寸

Table 2. Dimensions of crack steel plate specimens at different depths

材料编号长/mm 宽/mm 高/mm

Q550钢 5 20 2 2
6 20 2 4
7 20 2 6
8 20 2 8

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