Development and exploration of intelligent dense medium separation technology for coal
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摘要: 重介分选作为应用最广泛的选煤工艺，正在从自动化、信息化向智能化方向迈进。目前重介选煤厂智能化建设只是实现局部智能化，在整体智能化建设上还存在欠缺，在核心生产设备（重介质旋流器、浅槽等）智能化上发展不足。针对上述问题，从智能感知、智能控制与智能优化决策3个方面阐述了重介分选智能化研究现状，并剖析了重介分选在从自动化向智能化发展的过程中面临着诸多挑战性难题，包括原煤品质波动导致工况难以稳定运行、重介分选自身具有极高的复杂性、重介选煤厂智能化建设局限性等。为推进重介分选行业的智能化与绿色化，实现全场设备自主控制，减少运营人员甚至实现无人化，指出重介选煤厂应建设一套“智能感知、智能控制、智能优化决策”一体化的智能优化生产系统：智能感知作为智能化的基础实现选煤工艺数据的感知获取；智能控制获取传感器等数据对选煤工艺进行智能修正，确保对设定值的跟踪；智能优化决策分析智能控制模块中分选过程的运行状态、调整工艺指标设定值，实现工艺指标设定值的动态优化。感知、控制与决策相互协同，促进选煤厂智能化水平与生产效益提高，为未来实现重介分选生产全流程智能协同优化控制提供了一条新思路。Abstract: Dense medium separation, the most widely used coal preparation process, is moving from automation and informatization to intelligence. At present, the intelligent construction of dense medium coal preparation plant only realizes partial intelligent construction. It is deficient in the whole intelligent construction. The intelligent development of the core production equipment (dense medium cyclone and shallow groove) is insufficient. In order to solve the above problems, the research status of intelligent dense medium separation is described from three aspects of intelligent perception, intelligent control and intelligent optimization decision. The challenges faced by dense medium separation in the process of developing from automation to intelligence are analyzed. The challenges include the unstable operation caused by the fluctuation of raw coal quality, the high complexity of dense medium separation, and the limitations of intelligent construction of dense medium coal preparation plant. In order to promote the intelligence and greening of the dense medium separation industry, realize the autonomous control of the whole equipment, reduce the number of operators and even realize unmanned, a system is proposed. It is pointed out that the dense medium coal preparation plant should build a set of intelligent optimization production system with the integration of "intelligent perception, intelligent control and intelligent optimization decision". Intelligent perception, the basis of intelligence, is used to realize the perceptual acquisition of coal preparation process data. Intelligent optimization decision analyzes the operation state of the preparation process in the intelligent control module and adjusts the set value of the process index. Intelligent optimization decision analysis intelligent control module is used to sort process operating state, adjust the process indicators set value, so as to achieve dynamic optimization of the process indicators set value. The mutual coordination of perception, control and decision promotes the improvement of the intelligence level and production efficiency of the coal preparation plant. The coordination provides a new idea for realizing intelligent collaborative optimization control of the whole dense medium separation production process in the future.
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【编者按】随着国家“碳达峰”和“碳中和”目标任务和工业 4.0 浪潮的不断推进，对选煤厂安全管理、生产能力、产品质量、效率、成本提出了更高的要求，智能化选煤成为选煤行业发展的必然趋势。当下，我国选煤行业智能化建设取得了一系列研究成果，但总的来说智能选煤技术在选煤厂尚未普及，在关键技术、工程应用方面需要进一步产学研结合共同攻关。为总结交流科研成果，探讨技术难题与技术发展方向，推动选煤领域智能化技术发展与应用，进而实现智慧选煤目标，《工矿自动化》编辑部特邀中国矿业大学代伟教授担任客座主编，董良教授、马小平教授担任客座副主编，于2022年第11期组织出版“煤炭智能分选技术与应用”专题。在专题刊出之际，衷心感谢各位专家学者的大力支持！
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