磁悬浮带式输送机电磁结构优化

Optimization of electromagnetic structure of magnetic levitation belt conveyor

  • 摘要: 常规磁悬浮带式输送机采用永磁体和电磁铁组合的电磁结构,在磁悬浮支承力需求较高的工况条件下具有易发热、电流损耗大等问题。为解决该问题,提出了一种基于Halbach阵列的电磁结构。以电磁结构磁感应强度最大为目标函数,以电磁结构尺寸和磁感应强度分布范围为约束条件,建立了电磁结构优化数学模型。针对教与学优化(TLBO)算法用于求解电磁结构优化数学模型时容易陷入局部最优的问题,提出了一种改进的TLBO算法,该算法通过筛选引入新种群及改进教学阶段和互学阶段的学习方式,增强种群的多样性和搜索能力。测试结果表明,改进的TLBO算法的准确性和稳定性均优于标准TLBO算法。采用改进的TLBO算法对磁悬浮带式输送机电磁结构优化数学模型进行求解,得到最优电磁结构参数:Halbach阵列中单个永磁体高7 mm、宽9 mm,永磁体块数为7。实验结果表明,相同尺寸条件下,基于Halbach阵列的电磁结构最大磁感应强度相对基于永磁体的电磁结构提高了47.69%。

     

    Abstract: The conventional magnetic levitation belt conveyor adopts the electromagnetic structure composed of permanent magnets and electromagnets, which has the problems of easy heat generation and high current loss under the working conditions with high demand of magnetic levitation support force. To solve this problem, an electromagnetic structure based on Halbach array is proposed in this study. The mathematical model of electromagnetic structure optimization is established with the maximum magnetic induction intensity of electromagnetic structure as the objective function and the size of electromagnetic structure and the range of magnetic induction intensity distribution as the constraints. When solving the mathematical model of electromagnetic structure optimization, the Teaching and Learning Optimization (TLBO) algorithm is easily to fall into the local optimum. To solve this problem, an improved TLBO algorithm is proposed so as to enhance the diversity and search ability of the population by introducing new populations through screening and improving the learning methods in the teaching stage and mutual learning stage. The test results show that the accuracy and stability of the improved TLBO algorithm are better than the standard TLBO algorithm. The improved TLBO algorithm is used to solve the electromagnetic structure optimization mathematical model of the magnetic levitation belt conveyor. The optimal electromagnetic structure parameters are obtained as follows: the height of a single permanent magnet in Halbach array is 7 mm, the width is 9 mm, and the number of permanent magnets is 7. The experimental results show that under the same size conditions, the maximum magnetic induction intensity of the Halbach array-based electromagnetic structure is increased by 47.69% compared with the permanent magnet-based electromagnetic structure.

     

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