Abstract: Most mine inrush accidents are closely related to mine geological structure, so accurate evaluation of mine structure complexity is of great significance for mine water disaster prevention and control. Taking Xuzhuang Coal Mine as a research object, fault fractal dimension value, fault intensity index and folding plane deformation coefficient were selected as evaluation indexes affecting mine structure complexity. The independent weight coefficient method was used to determine weight of each evaluation index. The quantitative evaluation model of mine structure complexity was established by ArcGIS to divide the study area into the most complex structure area, more complex structure area, middle complex structure area and simple complex structure area, and coupling relationship between mine structure complexity and mine water bursting was analyzed. The results showed that the study area is dominated by the most complex structure and mine structure complexity is mainly controlled by large faults and folds. The water bursting points are more densely distributed with increase of mine structure complexity when fault fractal dimension value, fault intensity index and folding plane deformation coefficient become greater. It indicates that mine structure has an obvious control effect on water bursting.