Synchronous upgrade method for the wireless terminal of underground personnel precise positioning system
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摘要: 针对井下人员定位系统采用无线应用内编程（IAP）方式进行固件升级存在的升级期间标志卡无法正常使用、升级效率较低、安全性不高等问题，提出了一种井下人员精确定位系统无线终端同步升级方法。给出了井下人员精确定位系统架构和无线终端同步升级方法流程，重点介绍了无线终端同步升级的安全性设计和高并发技术实现。安全性设计：为提升空中数据传输的安全性，针对读卡器与标志卡之间的数据传输方式，采用高级加密标准（AES）加密器进行针对性加密；为确保标志卡无线升级后运行正常，在标志卡完成接收即将切换时引入信息摘要算法MD5进行完整性校验。高并发技术实现：利用矿井全覆盖的超宽带（UWB）无线通信网络扩展并兼容无线升级协议，实现井下所有标志卡分布式多节点同步升级；通过断点续传方式，解决运动状态下多节点之间数据切换的问题；基于时隙ALOHA算法，提出一种动态时隙分配机制，以保证人员精确定位系统的容量及响应效率。测试结果表明，该方法可以在井下人员精确定位系统内兼容运行，在不影响系统性能指标的情况下，实现所有无线终端定位标志卡嵌入式固件的无线升级，升级成功率为100%，且升级过程高效、可靠、安全。Abstract: When the underground personnel positioning system's firmware is upgraded using the wireless in-application programming (IAP) mode, the mark card can not be used normally, the upgrade efficiency is low and the security is not high. In order to solve the above problems, a synchronous upgrade method for the wireless terminal of the underground personnel precise positioning system is proposed. The architecture of underground personnel precise positioning system and the process of wireless terminal synchronous upgrade method are pointed out. The security design and high concurrency technology implementation of the wireless terminal synchronous upgrade are mainly introduced. Security design: in order to improve the security of air data transmission, advanced encyption standard (AES) encryptor is used to encrypt the data transmission between the card reader and the identification card. In order to ensure the normal operation of the identification card after the wireless upgrade, the message digest algorithm MD5 is introduced to perform integrity verification when the identification card completes receiving and is about to switch. High concurrency technology: the ultra wide band (UWB) wireless communication network with full coverage in the mine is used to extend and compatible the wireless upgrade protocol. The distributed multi-node synchronous upgrade of all underground identification cards is realized. The problem of data switching between nodes in motion is solved by the way of breakpoint continuous transmission. Based on the slotted ALOHA algorithm, a dynamic slot allocation mechanism is proposed to ensure the capacity and response efficiency of the personnel precise positioning system. The test results show that the method can be compatible with the underground personnel precise positioning system. The method can realize the wireless upgrade of the embedded firmware of all wireless terminal positioning identification cards without affecting the system performance indicators. The upgrade success rate is 100%, and the upgrade process is efficient, reliable and safe.
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图 1 井下人员精确定位系统架构
Figure 1. Structure of underground personnel precise positioning system
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图 5 无线终端同步升级测试环境
Figure 5. Test environment of wireless terminal synchronization upgrade
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