Abstract: The existing mine moving target positioning system has the problems of serious attenuation of underground wireless signal transmission, large non-line-of-sight error, complex underground electromagnetic environment, wide sensing range of dynamic and static targets, strong linkage of multi-system information fusion, etc. At present, the research on mine moving target precise positioning technology and optimization method does not comprehensively analyze the characteristics and technical requirements of the moving target accurate positioning service. It lacks a comprehensive comparison between the mainstream and emerging positioning technologies. In order to solve the above problems, the advantages and disadvantages of the common signal transmission technology and the positioning and ranging method applied in the mine moving target precise positioning system are analyzed. The radio positioning technology is pointed out to be a more suitable and feasible mine moving target precise positioning technology. This paper analyzes the research status and existing problems of the optimization method of the mine moving target precise positioning in China from four aspects: signal anti-collision technology, error elimination method, positioning result optimization method and fusion positioning technology. ① The comprehensiveness of the signal anti-collision algorithm still needs to be improved. ② The efficiency of ranging error control means needs to be improved. ③ The application of the fusion positioning method in the production site is not yet mature. ④ The auxiliary role of the system in emergency rescue is not fully played. In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the development trend of the mine moving target precise positioning technology is proposed: ① It is suggested to study the signal collision mechanism and post-conflict recovery mechanism in dynamic environment, and design a comprehensive signal anti-collision scheme. ② It is suggested to research precise, efficient and economical ranging error control scheme to save communication costs. ③ It is suggested to study dynamic positioning scheme design with deep integration of multiple positioning methods to improve the reliability, flexibility and applicability of the system. ④ It is suggested to study the multi-system linkage scheme and the emergency communication and positioning recovery mechanism in extreme cases, and give full play to the role of the system in emergency rescue.