2019 Vol. 45, No. 11

Display Method:
Data processing method of coal mine ventilation resistance measurement based on relative pressure
HE Min
2019, 45(11): 1-4. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17446
Abstract:
For problems of larger error of coal mine ventilation resistance measurement data acquired by barometer base-point method and cumbersome correction of existing original measurement data processing methods, a data processing method of coal mine ventilation resistance measurement based on relative pressure was proposed. In the method, a pithead inlet of coal mine is selected as zero point of relative pressure firstly. Then relative pressures of other measurement points are calculated, and relative pressures of some measurement points that do not conform to sequencing principle are corrected. Finally, wind resistances of all tunnels are calculated according to ventilation resistance law, and according to comparison result between calculated wind volume and the measured reliable one of the same tunnel, wind resistances of some tunnels are corrected whose comparison errors are over 5% until the comparison errors of wind volume in all tunnels are within 5%. The method can complete initial error correction of original measurement data at one time, improve efficiency of obtaining reliable basic ventilation parameters, and has a certain reference value for data processing of coal mine ventilation resistance measurement.
Underground precise positioning algorithm based on Kalman filter and weighted LM algorithm
WANG Wei
2019, 45(11): 5-9. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17500
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Abstract:
In view of problem that positioning result of underground proximity detection device based on UWB precise positioning is susceptible to noise such as non-line of sight (NLOS) error, an underground precise positioning algorithm based on Kalman filter and weighted LM algorithm was proposed. Priori estimation value of tag card coordinates is obtained by Kalman filter prediction process; distance between the estimatied coordinates and each anchor node is calculated by using geometric relationship, the calculated distance is compared with direct measuring value of the detector, and ranging weight of each anchor node is allocated according to difference of the calculated distance and measured distance; weight matrix and ranging matrix are substituted into the weighted LM algorithm as the measured value to obtain intermediate result of the tag card coordinates; the intermediate result is substituted into Kalman filter update process to obtain final coordinates of the tag card. The test results show that compared with the multilateral positioning method, the underground precise positioning algorithm based on Kalman filter and weighted LM algorithm can improve positioning accuracy by more than one time without affecting positioning speed, and effectively reducing the interference of NLOS error and other noises.
Improved TDOA algorithm for underground positioning considering anchor position error
LI Shiyin, ZHU Yuan, WANG Xiaoming
2019, 45(11): 10-13. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17486
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Abstract:
In view of problems that underground TDOA positioning algorithm does not consider anchor position error and positioning accuracy is seriously reduced when measurement noise is large, an improved TDOA algorithm for underground positioning considering anchor position error was proposed. The anchor position error is taken as a parameter to improve TDOA positioning model, and the iterative TDOA algorithm based on convex optimization is used to solve the model. The simulation results show that the algorithm can achieve the positioning accuracy of 5 cm when position error of the anchor is 1 cm,and effectively approximate the Cramer-Rao Low Bound(CRLB) even when the measurement noise is large, which is better than the existing TSWLS algorithm and improved TSWLS algorithm.
Wireless software upgrade method for mine positioning equipments
ZHANG Lifeng, JIN Yeyong, CHEN Kang, WANG Wei, ZHOU Shu
2019, 45(11): 14-18. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17510
Abstract:
In view of problems that existing mine positioning equipment embedded program upgrade method needs to establish physical connection and there’s no programmable wireless upgrade protocol for small embedded devices, a wireless software upgrade method for mine positioning equipments was proposed. The method adopts wireless broadcast transmission mode and one-to-many network mode to implement batch wireless IAP (In-Application Programming) upgrade of mine positioning device, thereby improving convenience and efficiency of upgrade. The experiment results show that the overall upgrade success rate of the method is positively correlated with distance, and the success rate is high within 10 m. The method provides an effective way for upgrading of a large number of mine positioning equipments.
An improved trilateral positioning algorithm based on UWB
YOU Xiaorong, PEI Hao, HUO Zhenlong
2019, 45(11): 19-23. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019050081
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Abstract:
In view of the problems that existing underground positioning algorithm based on UWB is complex and solution value is not global optimal, an improved trilateral positioning algorithm based on UWB was proposed. The algorithm is based on DW1000 chip and trilateral positioning algorithm, adopts bilateral two-way ranging method. Optimization objective function is set by solving the optimal solution of binary quadratic equation, and coordinate is two-dimensional, so as to reduce complexity of the algorithm. The invalid data generated in measurement process were screened out, effective search area is determined, and global traversal is conducted in the effective area to find global optimal positioning coordinates, which solves the problem that solution value is not global optimal. At the same time, in order to further improve positioning accuracy, appropriate measures are taken to increase the number of reference measurement nodes. The experimental results show that the average error of the proposed positioning algorithm is lower than that of the weighted trilateral positioning algorithm and the Taylor algorithm, and the positioning accuracy is improved obviously. Meanwhile, the algorithm has strong practicability, and measurement accuracy can be effectively improved by increasing the number of reference nodes.
Mine weighted centroid positioning algorithm based on improved Gaussian mixture filter
ZHANG Na
2019, 45(11): 24-30. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17420
Abstract:
In view of the problems that RSSI positioning algorithm has large ranging error and inaccurate positioning result due to non-line-of-sight propagation of wireless signals in complex environment of underground coal mine, a mine weighted centroid positioning algorithm based on improved Gaussian mixture filter was proposed. Firstly, corresponding RSSI measurement data of unknown nodes are clustered according to the maximum expectation algorithm, and the data are divided into multiple Gaussian probability density functions models. Then, according to the characteristics of the data, the sampling data is optimized by using Akaike information criterion, and the accurate measured values are obtained. Finally, the initial coordinates of the unknown node are calculated, the error between the initial coordinates of the unknown node and the real coordinates are used as the weight factor, and the final coordinates of the unknown node are calculated combining with the centroid positioning algorithm, so as to realize target positioning. The simulation and experimental results show that the positioning algorithm can realize high precision personnel positioning in underground coal mine, and the average positioning error is 1.83 m.
Data glove based on hand motion model for mine equipment training
LIU Ningning
2019, 45(11): 31-36. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019040095
Abstract:
Authenticity of interactive operation is poor when virtual reality technology adopted in mine equipment training. Data processing algorithm is optimized to reduce the number of micro-inertial sensors for data glove but results in low accuracy. According to the above problems, on the basis of introducing human hand structure and hand motion mechanics model, basic movement and motion characteristics of mine equipment training were analyzed, and hand motion model for mine equipment training of two-finger, six-link and seven-degree of freedom was put forward, so as to reduce the number of micro-inertial sensors. Position and attitude calculation algorithm of phalanges was deduced based on quaternion method. A data glove based on the hand motion model for mine equipment training was developed. Tracker is fixed at wrist of the glove to obtain absolute coordinates of forearm, micro-inertial sensors are arranged at thumb and forefinger of the glove to provide carrier coordinates of phalanges, and position and attitude of phalanges in navigation coordinate system are calculated through calculation of position and attitude of phalanges, so as to realize real-time generation of hand motion attitude in virtual scene. The test results show that the maximum error of basic movements of mine equipment training is 9 mm, which is smaller than the minimum diameter of control, and meets needs of mine equipment training operation.
Design of a mine-used hardware CAN-bus repeater
XIE Guojun, YUAN Fengpei, DING Junfeng
2019, 45(11): 37-41. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019060015
Abstract:
In view of requirement of relay and amplification of CAN bus signal due to lots of nodes and long transmission distance of coal mine field equipments and problems of normal software CAN-bus repeater such as data frame time-delay, frame loss, large power consumption, non self-adaptive rate and so on. In order to solve above problems, a mine-used hardware CAN-bus repeater was designed. The repeater is mainly composed of D trigger, XOR gate and CAN transceiver. The D trigger is used to control level signal transmission, the XOR gate is used to generate pulse signals for D trigger flip-flop, and the CAN transceiver accesses data into CAN-bus network, so as to realize transparent transmission of CAN-bus signal. The simulation and experiment test results show that the mine-used hardware CAN-bus repeater can correctly transmit CAN data frame, effectively improve bus level and signal quality, and increase communication distance. Compared with software CAN-bus repeater, the mine-used hardware CAN-bus repeater has advantages such as low power consumption, little time-delay, no frame loss, rate self-adaption and so on, which is applicable for CAN-bus network with high requirements about data frame time-delay and power consumption in coal industry field.
Gas seepage law and drainage borehole layout considering coal body creep
SONG Hongli, ZHAO Yang, LI Qingzhao
2019, 45(11): 42-48. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019060037
Abstract:
In order to research influence of deep coal body creep on gas seepage, mathematical models of multi-field coupling including coal body deformation field, gas diffusion field and gas seepage field were established considering creep action. Based on gas storage and geological conditions of Shaanxi Binchang Hujiahe Mining Co., Ltd., dynamic variation laws of gas drainage from coal seam were analyzed by numerically simulation. The validity, rationality, reliability and project usability of the mathematical models were verified by field test. The research results show that: ① The gas pressure in coal seam increases with distance increase from drainage borehole. The closer to the borehole, the larger the gas pressure gradient is and the greater the coal body permeability ratio is. The gas pressure and permeability ratio are gradually stable at the place away from the borehole. ② During the initial stage of gas drainage, gas pressure near the borehole decreases greatly. With the extension of drainage time, gas pressure reduction becomes slower gradually. During the initial stage of gas drainage, permeability ratio of coal body near the borehole increases greatly. With the extension of drainage time, coal body creep deformation causes permeability ratio to increase slowly under combination effects of stress and gas pressure. ③ Compared with single-borehole gas drainage, double-borehole gas drainage can significantly reduce gas pressure in coal seam. The smaller the boreholes spacing is, the smaller the gas pressure gradient between two boreholes is at different drainage time, but lower the drainage efficiency is with the extension of drainage time. According to gas storage conditions of Shaanxi Binchang Hujiahe Mining Co., Ltd., the optimal boreholes spacing of gas drainage is 2 m.
Application analysis of three kinds of hole-sealing technologies in mining area with complex geology
WANG Luou, XIE Xionggang, ZHAO Xianwei, LI Weixiang
2019, 45(11): 49-54. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019060007
Abstract:
The hydrogeological conditions in mining area with complex geology are more complicated, and the pores and cracks in rock seam are more developed. If sealing technology is not reasonable, the result of measured gas pressure in coal seam would not accurately reflect actual situation of gas in coal seam. For the problem, four groups of pressure measuring points with twelve pressure measuring boreholes are arranged in 5 and 6-1 coal seams of Hongyu Coal Mine of Guizhou Jiuyi Coal Mining Co., Ltd. for gas pressure measuring test, and boreholes in each group are sealed by use of three kinds of normal hole-sealing technologies including grouting hole-sealing, short capsule plus grouting hole-sealing and long capsule pressure mucus hole-sealing separately. Application effects of the three hole-sealing technologies are analyzed according to test results, and adaptation conditions are obtained as following: the grouting hole-sealing technology is applicable for deeper rock hole with finer and harder rock, the short capsule plus grouting hole-sealing technology is applicable for downward borehole with larger inclination angle, and the long capsule pressure mucus hole-sealing technology is applicable for borehole in roof and floor with broken rock or possible aquifer in coal seam.
Research status of hidden danger investigation information management system of coal mine and its prospect
ZHANG Jianrang, HUANG Yuxin, YAN Zhenguo, ZHANG Lei, HUO Xiaoquan
2019, 45(11): 55-58. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019040041
Abstract:
Classification and rectification modes of accident hidden dangers in coal mine were summarized. Research status of hidden danger investigation information management system of coal mine were expounded from three aspects of technical support system, information collection mode and function modules. It was pointed out that there were some problems in existing hidden danger investigation information management systems of coal mine including lack of correctness and timeliness assurance function of collected accident hidden danger information and informationization support of emergency response, inability to realize multi-terminal interaction, etc. Development directions of the system were prospected from two aspects of technology and function. In technology aspect, accident hidden danger information of coal mine would be multi-dimensionally analyzed and showed, Internet plus cooperative information processing mode of multi intelligent terminals relating to PC would be built, and the system would be designed by use of micro-services architecture. In function aspect, functions of grouping, custom information pushing and online learn of vocational skills would be supplied, and some key functions would be embedded in mobile phone.
Experimental research on characteristics of coal spontaneous combustion and its influence on lower limits of gas explosion
GU Zhoujie, LIU Zhentang, LIU Haoxiong, QIAN Jifa, LIN Song, LI Xiaoliang
2019, 45(11): 59-64. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019070039
Abstract:
Most of existing research analyze gas explosion limit from single component gas or parial component mixed gas of coal spontaneous combustion, while analysis of gas explosion limit from mixed gas produced at different stages of coal spontaneous combustion is insufficient, and there are few experimental research on coal spontaneous combustion and gas explosion coupling disaster. In view of the above problems, the characteristic laws of gas generation in process of coal spontaneous combustion were researched by simulating experimental device of coal spontaneous combustion.The 20 L spherical explosion device was used to conduct the experiment about methane mix gas from coal spontaneous combustion at different stages,and effects of coal spontaneous combustion on the lower limits of gas explosion were studied.The experiment results show that main flammable gases of the coal sample spontaneous combustion are CH4, CO, C2H4, C2H6, C2H2, etc. Among these gases, CH4 and CO have the highest volume fraction, and the maximum volume fraction can reach 0.75% and 0.37% respectively. The content of flammable gases produced in different stages of coal spontaneous combustion is increased with the increase of spontaneous combustion time and temperature. CH4 and CO flammable gases are mainly produced at temperatures below 80 ℃ at the initial of coal spontaneous combustion, CO can be used as a marker gas for the slow oxidation stage of coal spontaneous combustion. As the time of spontaneous combustion continues,it starts to produce C2H4 and C2H6 after the temperature exceeds 80 ℃, and then C3H8 gas is gradually produced. At this time, the appearance of C2H4 indicates that the oxidation of coal has entered the acceleration stage. C2H2 is produced on the temperatures of 220 ℃ after the late stage of coal spontaneous combustion, at this point, the coal enters the intense oxidation stage. Low concentration of CO inhibits gas explosion, however, high concentration of CO promotes gas explosion, explosion pressure becomes larger, and lower explosion limit decreases. The mixed gas produced during the spontaneous combustion of coal increases the pressure of gas explosion, decreases the lower explosion limit by 0.55%,so increases the risk of gas explosion.
Research on index gas and activation energy of coal spontaneous combustion under different methane atmosphere
HAO Yu, YE Zhengliang
2019, 45(11): 65-69. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019040104
Abstract:
Most researches on coal spontaneous combustion characteristics under different oxygen concentration only consider different oxygen nitrogen ratio atmosphere, but low temperature oxidation law of coal under different methane atmospheres is seldom studied. In view of the above problems, index gas and activation energy of coal spontaneous combustion under different methane atmospheres were researched by temperature-programmed oxidation experiment and thermogravimetric analysis experiment. The results show that initial temperature of CO and CO2 production increase significantly with the increase of methane volume fraction. In initial stage of coal oxidation, production quantity of CO and CO2 under different methane atmospheres increase slowly with the increase of temperature. In accelerated oxidation stage of coal, production quantity of CO and CO2 increase exponentially with the increase of temperature, and the lower the methane volume fraction (the higher the O2 volume fraction) is, the larger the production quantity of CO and CO2 is, indicating that the higher the temperature is, the more obvious the inhibition effect of methane on coal oxidation is. With the increase of methane volume fraction, oxidation activation energy of coal at low temperature increases and index factor decreases, indicating that the increase of methane volume fraction has a good inhibition effect on coal spontaneous combustion.
Research on dust distribution law and optimization of ventilation and dust reduction on fully mechanized heading face
ZHOU Quanchao, YANG Shengqiang, JIANG Xiaoyuan, SANG Naiwen
2019, 45(11): 70-74. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019050026
Abstract:
In order to determine influence of ventilation mode on dust distribution on fully mechanized heading face and explore dust reduction effect under different ventilation modes, the 209 fully mechanized heading face of Longde Coal Mine was taken as research object, and the software of FLUENT was used to simulate distribution of dust in the roadway and dust distribution law and dust reduction effect under combined pumping and pressure ventilation mode. Accuracy of numerical simulation was verified through field measurement. The analysis results show that the dust pollution in the roadway under the forced-in ventilation mode is serious, the area affected by dust is large and settlement is slow; the simulation results are basically the same as the measured dust concentration in the field, which virifies reliability of the numerical simulation results, and furthermore, the rationality of the established mathematical model and its parameter settings is explained; by comparing dust reduction effect of ventilation mode of long-pressure short-pumping and short-pressure long-pumping, the conclusion is got that the ventilation mode of long-pressure short-pumping has the best dust reduction effect when air outlet of the pressure cylinder is 5 m away from the working surface, and the dust concentration can be quickly reduced to below 6 mg/m3.
Research on mine-used wire rope flaw detector based on Hall element
TIAN Jie, HU Yaosong, GUO Hongfei, ZHAO Caiyue
2019, 45(11): 75-80. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019050075
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Abstract:
In view of problem that current wire rope flaw detector cannot accurately detect whether the wire rope is damaged or not, a mine-used wire rope flaw detector based on Hall elements was designed according to magnetic flux leakage detection method. Permanent magnet magnetization wire rope is adopted. When the wire rope is damaged, there will be magnetic leakage at the damaged part. Hall element is used to collect magnetic leakage signal at the damaged part of the wire rope, and by analyzing output voltage waveform of Hall element it is determined whether the wire rope is damaged or not. In order to further improve detection accuracy of wire rope flaw detector, axial, circumferential and radial arrangement of the Hall element is optimized: uses Ansoft Maxwell to simulate magnetization condition of wire rope, the axial arrangement of Hall elements is determined based on simulation results, and the axial position of the Hall element is selected in center of the flaw detector. In order to eliminate inter-strand effect of wire rope, the circumferential arrangement of Hall elements is calculated and designed. The inter-strand effect can be basically eliminated when circumferential distance between two detection points is 29 mm. The radial arrangement of Hall element is studied by changing lifting distance through experiment. There will be jitter during movement of the wire rope, in order to prevent equipment from being damaged due to contact between the wire rope and the Hall element, the appropriate lifting distance should be selected to arrange the Hall element according to jitter of the wire rope. The experimental results show that the flaw detector can accurately detect whether the wire rope has damaged or not according to the signal mutation at the wire rope damage.
An enhancement algorithm for low-illumination image of underground coal mine
WANG Hongdong, GUO Weidong, ZHU Meiqiang, LEI Meng
2019, 45(11): 81-85. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.17498
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Abstract:
The multi-scale Retinex algorithm has some problems such as insufficient detail enhancement and long time-consumption in processing low-illumination image of underground coal mine. Aiming at the problem, a fast multi-scale Retinex algorithm based on illumination correction was proposed to enhance low-illumination image of underground coal mine. By calculating brightness value of each pixel of image after gaussian blur, the image is divided into dark and highlight areas, and illumination correction is carried out on dark and highlight areas, so as to reduce brightness of highlight area to avoid overexposure, and improve brightness of dark area to highlight more details. Three-times fast mean filtering is used instead of Gaussian filtering to estimate illumination intensity, so as to reduce time-consumption of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively improve brightness and contrast of image, enhance details of dark and highlight areas in image, and has fast processing speed.
Fuzzy decoupling PID control for vibration-slow shear crusher
ZHOU Xiaoyun, CAI Gaipin, TANG Wencong, YU Xiwe
2019, 45(11): 86-92. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019050002
Abstract:
A fuzzy decoupling PID control method based on adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) was proposed for the characteristics of multivariable, strong coupling and large time delay in the ore crushing process of vibration-slow shear crusher. Based on diagonal matrix decoupling of dynamic model for vibration-slow shear crusher, fuzzy PID control of ore feeding quantity and vibration motor frequency is carried out respectively, and dynamic optimization of membership function parameters of fuzzy PID control is conducted by introducing APSO algorithm, so as to achieve accurate, stable and fast control of main motor operating current and qualified mineral yield. The simulation and experimental results show that the method has characteristics of fast response, short adjustment time and small overshoot.
Mine-used cable fault location method considering transmission characteristics of pulse signal
CHENG Jiangzhou, TANG Yang, XIE Shiyu, XIONG Shuangju, WANG Jinfeng
2019, 45(11): 93-97. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019050001
Abstract:
In view of difficulty in fault location due to reflection interference of cable tap on pulse signal, transmission characteristics of pulse signal along cable were analyzed, that is, amplitude and pulse width of pulse signal changed linearly with the increase of transmission distance. On this basis, a fault location method of mine-used cable considering transmission characteristics of pulse signal was proposed. Reflected pulse signal is obtained by injecting original pulse signal into cable, and reflected pulse signal from cable fault point is identified according to variation of pulse width and amplitude of the reflected pulse signal, so as to eliminate interference of the reflected pulse signal from cable tap and realize accurate fault location. A mine-used cable fault location simulation model was built. The simulation result show that the method has high fault location accuracy and location error is less than 1%.
Application of voice interaction technology in emergency rescue management system for mine rescue team
LI Wenfeng, LI Dajuan, ZHANG Junhui
2019, 45(11): 98-101. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019070033
Abstract:
In view of problems of poor real-time performance and interactivity of data input and backwardness of emergency response message transmission methods in existing emergency rescue management system for mine rescue team,voice interaction technology is applied to emergency rescue management system for mine rescue team to realize functions of intelligent information input of alarm information and voice autoplay of announcements.Voice recognition technology is used to intelligently input alarm information, quickly generate alarm record sheet, and track alarm handling situation in real time; voice synthesis technology is used to remind the user of announcements and to-do items by voice,so as to avoid work delay. The test results show that the average voice recognition rate of the system is more than 90%, and the voice synthesis accuracy rate is 100%,the speed of entering the alarm information by voice recognition is obviously faster than handwritten recording and typing. Field application results verify the effectiveness and stability of the system.
Design of embedded management terminal of coordinated control system of filter press group
ZHAI Yanzhong, OUYANG Sheng, LI Hongjun, SONG Yongqiang
2019, 45(11): 102-108. doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2019040006
Abstract:
At present, there are two methods of automatic coordinated control of filter press group: one is to realize distributed control based on PLC, but communication performance of PLC's master-slave is low; the other is to redesign the whole filter press group as a whole and realize on-line control by one PLC control cabinet, but it is difficult to transplant and expand. According to requirement of both distributed and high performance communication of coordinated control system of filter press group, an embedded management terminal of coordinated control system of filter press group was designed for coordination of start and stop, feeding and unloading links of filter press. The terminal adopts STM32F407ZGT6 microcontroller. Based on the factors such as concentrate tank level, filter press performance, start and stop state, feed port position, the terminal makes start and stop, feed and unload decisions, and controls the operation of each filter press through CAN communication, so as to realize the coordinated control of the filter press group.The practical application shows that the introduction of the management terminal realizes coordination and management functions such as automatic start and stop management, operation with priority, automatic feeding, automatic unloading of the filter press groups, reduces the labor intensity of the operators, and avoids the occurrence of slurry overflow and heap accidents.