Abstract: For problems that reliable information is easily destroyed and query efficiency is low existed in underground personnel positioning and management system, the paper designed a data acquisition model and data flow diagrams of the system, and analyzed design requirements, table structure design and database optimization. The system uses master-slave communication mode to achieve data acquisition, establishes foundation database and current database according to different functions, and adopts query sentence optimization and index optimization to improve database performance, so as to improve data acquisition and processing speed, system reliability and inquiring efficiency.