Abstract: For problem that current coal mine safety monitoring and control system still uses master-slave response communication mode, which is unable to achieve multi-master concurrency of substation, real-time communication and jointed control between substations, the paper proposed a design scheme of a new type of signal converter of coal mine safety monitoring and control system. It gave structure model of monitoring and control system with polycyclic and peer to peer communication, and introduced designs of software and hardware of signal converter in details. The test results show that the substation can easily achieve multi-master concurrency and online expansion through the signal converter, peer to peer communication and control between the substations can be achieved without scheduling of host computer, which effectively shortens response time of the control of the system in hazardous areas and improves reliability of network structure.