Abstract: The paper pointed out that chain network topology is suitable for underground wireless Mesh network and electromagnetic wave attenuation analysis and node space design should be considered combining with concrete roadway environment according to characteristics of underground roadway. It proposed a method combining reactive routing protocol and proactive routing protocol with MIC criterion for that current routing protocol cannot meet with requirements of chain network topology of underground wireless Mesh network. It gave general structure and characteristics of coal mine emergency rescue system based on wireless Mesh network on the above basis. The experiment result showed that applying wireless Mesh network in coal mine emergency rescue system can improve safety, reliability and feasibility of rescue work.