Abstract: Aiming at the problems of high manpower demand, low operational efficiency, and poor safety in existing anchor retraction processes in mining, this paper proposes an anchor removal robot fixed on the end-support for advance roadways. Based on an analysis of two current retraction methods—mechanical dismantling and high-pressure water jet cutting—and in consideration of the practical requirements for anchor retraction operations, the motion mechanism and the retraction execution mechanism of the robot were studied and designed. A verification calcu-lation of the shearing mechanism's breaking force on the locking device was conducted, and the adoption of a pressure intensifier effectively increased the breaking force. The hydraulic system and control system of the robot were also designed, with the composition and functional implementation of each system described accordingly. Underground field tests demonstrated that the developed robot can be operated remotely, replacing manual on-site anchor positioning and shearing. The time required to retract a single anchor cable was reduced to 3 minutes, significantly improving retraction efficiency. This work provides equipment support for the removal of anchor support in underground coal mines.