Abstract: A new optical technology, PON (Passive Optical Network), was introduced in this paper, which is suitable for coal mine communication. The principle of PON and comparison of two kinds of technology, APON(ATM PON) and EPON (Ethernet PON), were analyzed. It is concluded that EPON will be used for coal mine monitoring and communication system. A design of PON model for mining use was completed and the PON technology may be spreaded out in coal mine.