Abstract: Abstract: In the haulage system of open-pit mines, various equipment worked in different operating positions work have spatial and temporal coupling relationship, and the environment changes over time. These pose the challenge in efficient transportation management and control. Furthermore, testing under extreme working conditions is difficult, and scenario-specific sensing data is insufficient, which hinder comprehensive performance evaluation of this system. Consequently, decision-making and control strategies have poor adaptability to variousscenarios, and the operation stability and safety can not be guaranteed. That is, this system has weak reliability and generalization. To address these issues, parallel autonomous haulage system based on parallel theory and vehicle-road-cloud fusion control is proposed for open-pit mines, with the purpose of improving transportation safety and efficiency, reducing costs, and realizing normalized operation. It consists of physical and artificial systems, as well as industrial internet. The artificial system adopts a three-level cloud control architecture, including edge cloud, mine cloud, and center cloud, which realizes multi-level collaborative control through the cloud control foundation platform and cloud control application platform. The cloud control foundation platform, as the cloud computing center, meets diverse real-time and service demands on cloud control applications at all levels. The cloud control application platform includes a resource library, parallel learning and parallel collaboration for the generated scenarios. The resource library consists of model one and an algorithm one that select modeling method and define scenarios, respectively, with the purpose of providing support for algorithm training and cooperative control. Through parallel training and testing based on virtuality-reality fusion, parallel learning realizes the closed-loop interaction of data between the artificial system and actual transportation system, promoting self-evolution of this system. To handle the complex management and real-time control of multi-equipment collaboration, parallel collaboration realizes collaborative perception, situational prediction and hierarchical distributed collaborative control based on three-level cloud control architecture and multi-agent technology. For the complex and various environment of open-pit mines, the proposed parallel autonomous haulage system has better adaptability, stability and safety, providing an effective solution for their haulage systems.