Abstract: In view of cases of transportation accident of underground mine laneway, the paper analyzed basic events which can cause transportation accident. Through investgation and analysis of accident mode constituted by twenty-two basic events, it obtained fault tree of transportation accident. Then it used the minimum cut set, the minimum path set and structural importance significance to make qualitative analysis of basic events causing accident and found out influence level of basic events on transportation accident. The paper helps to know the primary and secondary factors to prevent accidents, which has reference to transportation safety management for mine enterprises.