Abstract: Intelligent mining rescue robots are a type of emergency rescue equipment that assists or replaces mine rescue team members in disaster-area environmental detection and search and rescue. According to the development timeline of intelligent mining rescue robots, this paper reviews the latest research progress at home and abroad and systematically summarizes their key technologies: ① explosion-proof design of underground robots to ensure stable post-disaster underground operation; ② multi-source information fusion localization and mapping technology to detect complex underground terrain after disasters; ③ path planning for complex post-disaster terrain to find optimal rescue routes; ④ highly reliable anti-interference communication technology to build post-disaster underground communication networks; and ⑤ intelligent disaster perception technology to analyze underground environmental information and disaster types. Future research and development directions for intelligent mining rescue robots are proposed: ① researching lightweight intrinsically safe explosion-proof design and exploring new explosion-proof electrical designs for intelligent mining rescue robots; ② innovating metamorphic configuration designs for underground environments to enhance their traversability in unstructured underground terrain; ③ developing multi-robot collaborative rescue technology to improve their level of collaboration; and ④ exploring end-to-end integrated large-model technology to enhance their rescue efficiency.