Abstract: Traditional coal mine fire assessment methods are highly subjective and lack comprehensive evaluation indicators, making the results difficult to quantify and compare across cases, which affects their objectivity and accuracy. To address the above issues, a coal mine fire risk assessment method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) was proposed. Based on the characteristics of coal mine fires, a fire risk assessment system was constructed, with four first-level indicators—Personnel, Equipment, Environment, and Management—and 31 second-level indicators. These included whether hot work personnel held valid permits and received training, the progress of the working face, CO concentration in the return air corner, and whether floating coal near the belt was promptly cleaned. AHP was used to determine the weights of the second-level indicators, indicating that Equipment and Environment had a greater impact on fire risk. FCE was applied to calculate the fire risk assessment vector of the mine, and a four-color graded early warning result was provided for the comprehensive fire risk assessment value, along with the scoring criteria for the second-level indicators. Based on multiple sets of real-time monitoring data from the Wudong Coal Mine, the AHP-FCE-based fire risk assessment method was used to evaluate the mine's fire risk. The results showed that the fire risk at Wudong Coal Mine was low and classified as blue, consistent with engineering practice, demonstrating that the proposed assessment method had high accuracy.