Abstract: The traditional management and maintenance mode of single hydraulic supports used in mining is inefficient, difficult to trace, and has low safety. However, in the underground coal mine environment, RFID-based management systems for single hydraulic supports are easily affected by metal interference, which degrades identification performance, and their data communication heavily relies on a single network, making it difficult to ensure stable and real-time communication. To address these issues, a digital identity management system for mining single hydraulic supports based on dual-mode wireless communication and RFID was designed, using PCB ultra-high-frequency anti-metal tags to reduce metal environment interference on RFID. By scanning the RFID tags on hydraulic supports with a handheld reader, the basic information and status (normal, fault, scrap, etc.) of the hydraulic supports could be read. The handheld terminal app provided a one-click upload function to wirelessly send the hydraulic support status data to server-side management software, achieving full lifecycle monitoring and management of the hydraulic supports. To adapt to the complex underground wireless environment, a dual-mode wireless communication method was proposed, intelligently switching between public WiFi and AP hotspots, effectively solving the problem of insufficient network coverage underground and ensuring reliable data transmission. A dynamic data value evaluation model based on information entropy theory was introduced to implement a data-value-based dynamic hierarchical transmission strategy. Test results showed that the PCB ultra-high-frequency anti-metal tag had an effective identification distance of 2.2 meters under unobstructed conditions, with identification stability reaching 98%. Under WiFi mode, the system’s effective data transmission distance was 5.2 meters, with a transmission success rate above 90%.