Analysis of the effect of cutting depth under thick immediate roof on gob-side entry retaining stability
-
摘要:
切顶卸压沿空留巷稳定性主要受切顶参数影响，而厚直接顶作用下沿空巷道合理切顶参数的确定较为复杂。以陕西陕煤黄陵矿业有限公司一号煤矿1009工作面辅运巷为工程背景，采用理论分析、数值计算及现场监测相结合的方法，在明确巷道留设工艺为“补强支护+切顶卸压+巷旁支护+巷内临时支护”的基础上，分析了厚直接顶作用下沿空留巷工艺流程及合理参数，研究了切顶深度为7.5，8.5，9.5 m条件下工作面矿压显现规律及巷道应力和位移特征，确定了沿空巷道合理切顶深度，并通过现场监测确定了成巷效果。结果表明：巷道切顶深度直接影响成巷效果，切顶角度一定时，切顶深度越接近于直接顶厚度，垮落矸石对顶板支撑力越大，岩层稳定性越强；随着切顶深度增大，工作面来压步距减小、来压强度降低，巷道应力集中峰值和顶板位移下沉量减小；确定切顶深度为8.5 m，此时留巷完成后巷道应力集中峰值和最大位移分别为13.6 MPa、235 mm。现场监测结果显示，进入正常留巷段后巷道最大下沉量为252 mm，让压锚索最大载荷为412 kN，垛式支架最大工作阻力为41.9 MPa，巷道稳定性较好，留巷效果显著。
Abstract:The stability of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and pressure relief is primarily influenced by roof cutting parameters. However, determining appropriate cutting parameters for gob-side entry under the effect of a thick immediate roof is relatively complex. Taking the auxiliary transport roadway of the 1009 working face at No. 1 Coal Mine of Shaanxi Shanmei Huangling Mining Industry Co., Ltd. as the engineering background, a combination of theoretical analysis, numerical calculation, and field monitoring was employed in this study. Based on the understanding that the gob-side entry retaining process includes "reinforcement support, roof cutting and pressure relief, sidewall support, and temporary support within the roadway", the study analyzed the process and appropriate parameters of gob-side entry retaining under the effect of a thick immediate roof. It examined the mining pressure manifestation patterns, as well as the roadway stress and displacement characteristics under roof cutting depths of 7.5, 8.5, and 9.5 m, determining the reasonable roof cutting depth for the gob-side entry. Field monitoring was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the entry construction outcome. The results indicated that the cutting depth directly affected the entry construction outcome. When the cutting angle was fixed, the closer the cutting depth was to the thickness of the immediate roof, the greater the support force from the caving gangue to the roof, resulting in stronger stability of the rock strata. As the cutting depth increased, the step distance of the mining pressure decreased, the pressure intensity reduced, and the peak value of the stress concentration and roof subsidence displacement in the roadway reduced. The optimal cutting depth was determined to be 8.5 m, at which point the peak stress concentration and maximum displacement of the roadway after completion were 13.6 MPa and 235 mm, respectively. Field monitoring results showed that after entering the stable gob-side entry retaining section, the maximum subsidence of the roadway was 252 mm, the maximum load of the pressure-relief anchor cable was 412 kN, and the maximum working resistance of the stacking support was 41.9 MPa. The roadway stability was excellent, and the gob-side entry retaining effect was significant.
-
-
![]()
图 6 不同切顶深度工作面矿压监测结果
Figure 6. Mining pressure monitoring results for working face at different roof cutting depths
![]()
图 8 沿空巷道不同切顶深度下应力和位移特征
Figure 8. Stress and displacement characteristics of gob-side entry at different roof cutting depths
![]()
图 9 留巷完成后应力和位移特征
Figure 9. Stress and displacement characteristics after completion of gob-side entry retaining
![]()
图 13 垛式支架工作阻力变化曲线
Figure 13. Variation curves of working resistance of stacking support
表 1 煤岩及支护体物理力学参数
Table 1 Physical and mechanical parameters of coal rock and support body
名称 密度/
（kg·m−3）体积模量/
GPa剪切模量/
GPa抗拉强度/
MPa黏聚力/
MPa内摩擦角/
（°）上覆岩层 2 550 4.15 3.80 0.71 1.30 33.0 基本顶 2 470 4.20 3.30 0.66 1.17 34.0 直接顶 2 160 3.30 2.56 0.57 0.86 34.0 预制切缝 2 160 3.30 2.56 0.57 0.86 34.0 煤层 1 350 2.40 1.20 0.33 0.78 28.0 直接底 2 530 3.40 2.70 0.65 0.93 37.0 基本底 2 420 4.10 2.90 0.68 1.05 37.5 下伏岩层 2 710 4.60 3.50 0.72 1.20 38.0 巷旁
支护体2 700 5.20 4.30 0.65 1.43 32.0 临时
支护体2 460 6.40 4.80 0.52 1.63 40.0 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 中国煤炭工业协会. 2022煤炭行业发展年度报告[R]. 北京:中国煤炭工业协会,2023. China National Coal Association. 2022 Coal industry development annual report[R]. Beijing:China National Coal Association,2023.
[2] 刘峰,郭林峰,赵路正. 双碳背景下煤炭安全区间与绿色低碳技术路径[J]. 煤炭学报,2022,47(1):1-15. LIU Feng,GUO Linfeng,ZHAO Luzheng. Research on coal safety range and green low-carbon technology path under the dual-carbon background[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2022,47(1):1-15.
[3] 王国法,庞义辉,许永祥,等. 厚煤层智能绿色高效开采技术与装备研发进展[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2023,40(5):882-893. WANG Guofa,PANG Yihui,XU Yongxiang,et al. Development of intelligent green and efficient mining technology and equipment for thick coal seam[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2023,40(5):882-893.
[4] 何满潮,齐干,程骋,等. 深部复合顶板煤巷变形破坏机制及耦合支护设计[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(5):987-993. HE Manchao,QI Gan,CHENG Cheng,et al. Deformation and damage mechanisms and coupling support design in deep coal roadway with compound roof[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(5):987-993.
[5] 何满潮. 无煤柱自成巷开采理论与110工法[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2023,40(5):869-881. HE Manchao. Theory and engineering practice for non-pillars mining with automagical entry formation and 110 mining method[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2023,40(5):869-881.
[6] 华心祝. 我国沿空留巷支护技术发展现状及改进建议[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2006,34(12):78-81. HUA Xinzhu. Development status and improved proposals on gob-side entry retaining support technology in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2006,34(12):78-81.
[7] 华心祝,李琛,刘啸,等. 再论我国沿空留巷技术发展现状及改进建议[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2023,51(1):128-145. HUA Xinzhu,LI Chen,LIU Xiao,et al. Current situation of gob-side entry retaining and suggestions for its improvement in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2023,51(1):128-145.
[8] 费旭敏. 我国沿空留巷支护技术现状及存在的问题探讨[J]. 中国科技信息,2008(7):48-49,51. FEI Xumin. The status-quo of support technology on gob-side entry retaining laneway and existing problem discussion[J]. China Science and Technology Information,2008(7):48-49,51.
[9] 李化敏,顾明,周英,等. 晋城矿区9号煤沿空留巷试验研究[J]. 焦作工学院学报(自然科学版),2000,19(2):90-93. LI Huamin,GU Ming,ZHOU Ying,et al. A study of gob-side entry of coal No. 9 in Jincheng Coal Mining Area[J]. Journal of Jiaozuo Institute of Technology(Natural Science),2000,19(2):90-93.
[10] 郭鹏飞. 延安禾二矿切顶卸压沿空留巷无煤柱开采研究及应用[D]. 北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2018. GUO Pengfei. Study and application on gob-side entry retaining by roof cut and pressure relief in Hecaogou Coal Mine in Yan'an[D]. Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,2018.
[11] 张国锋,何满潮,俞学平,等. 白皎矿保护层沿空切顶成巷无煤柱开采技术研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(4):511-516. ZHANG Guofeng,HE Manchao,YU Xueping,et al. Research on the technique of no-pillar mining with gob-side entry formed by advanced roof caving in the protective seam in Baijiao Coal Mine[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2011,28(4):511-516.
[12] 刘小强,张国锋. 软弱破碎围岩切顶卸压沿空留巷技术[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2013,41(增刊2):133-134. LIU Xiaoqiang,ZHANG Guofeng. Technology of roof cutting pressure relief gob-side entry retaining in soft fractured stratum[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(S2):133-134.
[13] 王维维,李凤义,兰永伟. 切顶卸压沿空留巷技术研究及应用[J]. 黑龙江科技大学学报,2014,24(1):20-23. WANG Weiwei,LI Fengyi,LAN Yongwei. Study on and application of pressure relief by roof cutting on gob-entry retaining[J]. Journal of Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology,2014,24(1):20-23.
[14] 黄子明,黄光平,周军,等. 杉木树煤矿切顶卸压沿空成巷无煤柱开采技术应用研究[J]. 科技创新导报,2013,10(7):67-68. HUANG Ziming,HUANG Guangping,ZHOU Jun,et al. Study on non-pillar mining technology of pressure relief by roof cutting in the roadway formed along gob of Shanmushu Mine[J]. Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2013,10(7):67-68.
[15] 杨威,周谢康,祖自银,等. 中厚煤层坚硬顶板切顶卸压自成巷切顶效果及应用研究[J]. 煤炭工程,2021,53(11):48-52. YANG Wei,ZHOU Xiekang,ZU Ziyin,et al. Application of gob-side entry retaining through roof cutting pressure releasing in medium-thick coal seam with hard roof[J]. Coal Engineering,2021,53(11):48-52.
[16] 刘兵晨,秦建飞,许向前. 综放工作面沿空留巷支护结构优化[J]. 矿业安全与环保,2022,49(4):187-193. LIU Bingchen,QIN Jianfei,XU Xiangqian. Support structure optimization of gob-side entry retaining in fully mechanized caving face[J]. Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2022,49(4):187-193.
[17] 李小鹏,刘少伟,付孟雄,等. 密集钻孔切顶卸压关键参数影响因素研究及应用[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2023,51(12):243-253. LI Xiaopeng,LIU Shaowei,FU Mengxiong,et al. Research and application of influencing factors of key parameters of roof cutting and pressure relief by dense drilling[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2023,51(12):243-253.
[18] 胡超文,王俊虎,何满潮,等. 中厚煤层切顶卸压无煤柱自成巷技术关键参数研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2022,50(4):117-123. HU Chaowen,WANG Junhu,HE Manchao,et al. Study on key parameters of self-formed roadway without coal pillar by roof cutting and pressure relief in medium and thick coal seam[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2022,50(4):117-123.
[19] 孙晓明,刘鑫,梁广峰,等. 薄煤层切顶卸压沿空留巷关键参数研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(7):1449-1456. SUN Xiaoming,LIU Xin,LIANG Guangfeng,et al. Key parameters of gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cut and pressure releasing in thin coal seams[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(7):1449-1456.
[20] 汤建泉,霍雪峰,杨华富,等. 沿空切顶成巷段巷道围岩变形规律研究[J]. 矿业安全与环保,2020,47(1):40-44. TANG Jianquan,HUO Xuefeng,YANG Huafu,et al. Study on deformation law of surrounding rock in gob-side entry retaining formed by roof fracturing[J]. Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2020,47(1):40-44.
[21] 许旭辉,何富连,吕凯,等. 厚层坚硬顶板切顶留巷合理切顶参数[J]. 煤炭学报,2023,48(8):3048-3059. XU Xuhui,HE Fulian,LYU Kai,et al. Research on reasonable cutting roof parameters of gob side entry retaining by roof cutting in thick and hard roof[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2023,48(8):3048-3059.
[22] 李利峰. 切顶成巷“短臂梁”效应及层状顶板运动规律研究[D]. 北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2021. LI Lifeng. The effect of "short arm beam" and the movement rule of layered roof in roadway formed by cutting roof[D]. Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,2021.
-
期刊类型引用(16)
1. 宋庆军，焦守悦，姜海燕，宋庆辉，郝文超. 基于改进EfficientNet的煤矸音频分类方法. 工矿自动化. 2025(01): 138-144 . 
本站查看
2. 燕建华. 周期性冲击波形匹配下选煤破碎机滚动轴承局部缺陷检测. 自动化与仪器仪表. 2025(02): 37-41 . 百度学术
3. 上官星驰，张晓良，刘朝，石会，王嘉宇. 基于改进特征提取算法及胶囊网络的设备故障诊断研究. 工矿自动化. 2024(S1): 146-150 . 本站查看
4. 范忠明. 基于神经网络图像识别技术的放顶煤煤矸自动识别方法. 自动化技术与应用. 2024(10): 39-42 . 百度学术
5. 王志峰，王家臣，李良晖，安博超. 基于DeepLab v3+的综放工作面含矸率预测研究. 工矿自动化. 2024(10): 90-96 . 本站查看
6. 李立宝，袁永，秦正寒，李波，闫政天，李勇. 图像特征与振动频谱多源融合驱动的煤矸识别技术研究. 工矿自动化. 2024(11): 43-51 . 本站查看
7. 周正南，刘美，吴斌鑫，莫常春，高兴泉，张斐. 基于改进的CEEMDAN与关联维数的石化轴承故障特征提取. 机床与液压. 2023(05): 212-217 . 百度学术
8. 司垒，李嘉豪，邢峰，魏东，戴剑博，王忠宾. 不同煤矸混合物的微波传播特性试验研究. 煤炭科学技术. 2023(05): 219-231 . 百度学术
9. 石港，雷志鹏. 基于改进深度森林的采煤机拖拽电缆挤压力识别方法. 工矿自动化. 2023(10): 8-16+51 . 本站查看
10. 史翔予，司垒，王忠宾，魏东，顾进恒. 基于改进双向峰-谷搜索算法的煤矸模型电磁波正演模拟. 工矿自动化. 2023(10): 87-95 . 本站查看
11. 李春锋，马星河，刘广朋. 基于改进VMD的矿用电缆局放信号降噪方法. 能源与环保. 2023(12): 268-274 . 百度学术
12. 贺海涛，王佳豪，张海峰，荣耀，崔耀. 基于U-Net的放煤状态控制关键技术研究. 煤炭科学技术. 2022(S2): 237-243 . 百度学术
13. 高丰，朱少成，罗石. 基于改进的经验模态分解的后视镜驱动器故障诊断方法. 河南科技大学学报(自然科学版). 2021(06): 39-45+6-7 . 百度学术
14. 刘丹丹. 基于EMD的GNSS时间序列异常值探测算法. 地球物理学进展. 2021(05): 1865-1873 . 百度学术
15. 丁震，常博深. 面向煤矸识别的近红外反射光谱数据预处理方法. 工矿自动化. 2021(12): 93-97 . 本站查看
16. 田志飞，洪盛勇. 火力发电厂煤流状态实时监测方法的研究及应用. 电力学报. 2021(06): 564-572 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(14)
计量
- 文章访问数: 168
- HTML全文浏览量: 8
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 30
