Temperature-pressure coupling effect on gas desorption test in soft and hard stratified coal from the Qianxi mining area
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摘要:
煤层瓦斯解吸特性对矿井瓦斯涌出规律和煤层气开发有重要影响，煤层温度和压力变化对软硬分层煤瓦斯解吸有明显控制作用。贵州黔西矿区煤层大多属于高瓦斯近距离突出煤层群，软硬结合较多，且煤层透气性低。为进一步明确该地区煤层瓦斯解吸特性，以贵州黔西典型矿区小屯煤矿和青龙煤矿软硬分层煤为研究对象，利用HCA型高压容量法吸附装置对软硬分层煤进行不同温度、压力下的瓦斯解吸特征试验研究，对比分析温度、压力耦合变化对软硬分层煤瓦斯解吸特征的影响。结果表明：同一煤样温度、压力越高，瓦斯解吸初速度越大，对于0～120 s内的初始瓦斯解吸，瓦斯压力不占主导作用；软分层煤初始瓦斯解吸速率大于硬分层煤，硬分层煤累计瓦斯解吸量大于软分层煤，硬分层煤累计瓦斯解吸量最快在540 s内超过软分层煤；煤体暴露后60 s内含煤瓦斯解吸量变化最剧烈，且软分层煤前60 s解吸量所占比例大于硬分层煤，解吸更“活跃”；瓦斯解吸速率随压力的增加而升高，解吸速率可划分为3个阶段，即0～60 s为“解吸爆炸期”，60～1 500 s为“解吸跳跃期”，1 500～7 200 s为“解吸稳定期”；软分层煤中值解吸时间受温度、压力影响大于硬分层煤，软分层煤瓦斯解吸主要集中在煤炭暴露后1 800 s内。
Abstract:The gas desorption characteristics in coal seams play a significant role in understanding gas emission patterns in mines and in coalbed methane development. Variations in coal seam temperature and pressure significantly control gas desorption in coal seams with soft and hard coal stratification. Most of the coal seams in the Qianxi mining area of Guizhou Province have high gas content, closely spaced layers, and are prone to outbursts, with a combination of soft and hard layers and low permeability. To further clarify the gas desorption characteristics of these coal seams, the study focused on coal from layers with soft and hard stratification in the Xiaotun and Qinglong coal mines, which are typical in the Qianxi mining area. Gas desorption experiments under varying temperatures and pressures were conducted using an HCA high-pressure volumetric gas adsorption device. The impact of temperature-pressure coupling on gas desorption characteristics of coal samples from layers with soft and hard stratification was comparatively analyzed. The results showed that for the same coal sample, higher temperature and pressure led to a greater initial gas desorption rate. Within 0-120 s of initial desorption, gas pressure played a less dominant role. The initial gas desorption rate of coal in soft layers was higher than that of hard layers, while the cumulative gas desorption amount of coal samples in hard layers exceeded that of soft layers. The cumulative desorption amount of samples in hard layers surpassed that of soft layers within 540 s. The most significant changes in gas desorption occurred within the first 60 s of coal exposure, with coal in soft layers exhibiting a higher proportion of desorbed gas during this period, making it more "active" in desorption. The gas desorption rate increased with pressure and could be divided into three stages: explosion stage (0-60 s), leap stage (60-1 500 s), and stabilization stage (1 500-7 200 s). The median desorption time of coal samples in soft layers was more significantly influenced by temperature and pressure compared to samples in hard layers, with gas desorption in soft layers occurring primarily within the first 1 800 s after coal exposure.
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图 1 青龙煤矿软硬分层煤在不同温度下的瓦斯解吸曲线
Figure 1. Gas desorption curves of coal in soft and hard layers at different temperatures in Qinglong Mine
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图 2 小屯煤矿软硬分层煤在不同温度下的解吸曲线
Figure 2. Gas desorption curves of coal in soft and hard layers at different temperatures in Xiaotun Mine
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图 3 青龙煤矿软分层煤与硬分层煤在不同瓦斯压力下的解吸曲线
Figure 3. Gas desorption curves of coal in soft coal and hard layers at different gas pressures in Qinglong Mine
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图 4 小屯煤矿软分层煤与硬分层煤在不同瓦斯压力下的解吸曲线
Figure 4. Gas desorption curves of coal in soft coal and hard layers at different gas pressures in Xiaotun Mine
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图 5 青龙煤矿不同瓦斯压力下的瓦斯解吸速率曲线
Figure 5. Gas desorption rates curves at different gas pressures in Qinglong Mine
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图 6 青龙煤矿软分层与硬分层在不同温度和瓦斯压力下的解吸曲线
Figure 6. Gas desorption curves of coal in soft and hard layers at different temperatures and gas pressures in Qinglong Mine
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图 7 小屯煤矿软分层与硬分层在不同温度和瓦斯压力下的解吸曲线
Figure 7. Gas desorption curves of coal in soft and hard layers at different temperatures and gas pressures in Xiaotun Mine
表 1 煤样工业分析结果
Table 1 Industrial analysis results of coal samples
煤样名称 水分/% 灰分/% 挥发分/% 视密度/（g·cm−3） 瓦斯放散初速度/（mL·s−1） 瓦斯扩散初速度/（mL·s−1） 坚固性系数 破坏类型 青龙煤矿
软分层煤3.42 22.96 8.75 1.54 15.209 1.520 0.780 Ⅳ—Ⅴ 青龙煤矿
硬分层煤2.18 10.06 7.14 1.43 10.053 0.850 1.223 Ⅲ—Ⅳ 小屯煤矿
软分层煤3.58 19.99 7.86 1.49 19.779 2.100 0.303 Ⅳ—Ⅴ 小屯煤矿
硬分层煤1.66 12.86 6.59 1.48 12.533 1.018 0.707 Ⅲ—Ⅳ 
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表 2 不同瓦斯压力下试验煤样瓦斯解吸统计
Table 2 Statistics of gas desorption of experimental coal samples at different gas pressures
煤样 瓦斯压力/MPa 0～120 s 0～600 s 0～1 800 s 中值解吸时间/s 解吸量/（mL·g−1） 比例% 解吸量/（mL·g−1） 比例% 解吸量/（mL·g−1） 比例% 小屯煤矿
软分层煤0.74 2.526 31.89 4.659 58.84 6.446 81.40 420 1.50 2.995 30.71 5.977 61.3 8.123 83.30 360 3.00 3.174 27.63 6.288 54.73 8.932 77.75 480 小屯煤矿
硬分层煤0.74 2.380 22.85 4.896 47.02 7.507 72.09 720 1.50 2.709 21.76 5.539 44.50 8.699 69.88 780 3.00 3.161 21.63 6.811 46.59 10.477 71.68 720 青龙煤矿
软分层煤0.74 2.127 29.04 3.78 51.60 5.482 74.84 600 1.50 2.420 27.30 4.434 50.03 6.499 73.31 600 3.00 2.814 27.27 5.095 49.38 7.438 72.09 660 青龙煤矿
硬分层煤0.74 1.440 18.30 2.984 37.91 4.955 62.96 1 080 1.50 1.788 17.60 4.012 39.48 6.557 64.52 960 3.00 2.139 17.35 4.722 38.29 7.808 63.32 1 080
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