Abstract: Currently, most research on coal quantity detection focuses on the coal quantity detection and recognition of underground belt conveyors in coal mines. The coal quantity detection of scraper conveyors in fully mechanized working (caving) faces only stays at the transfer machine, where infrared scanning devices are installed. The detection technology is single, and because the transfer machine is located at the coal unloading point of the scraper conveyor, the infrared scanning device detects the coal loading of the transfer machine and cannot directly reflect the real-time coal loading on the scraper conveyor, resulting in significant lag. In order to solve the above problems, a transportation model and coal quantity calculation algorithm of scraper conveyor based on array is proposed. This algorithm sets the scraper conveyor as a continuous coal loading carrier, establishes a scraper conveyor transportation model through a continuous array, and characterizes the coal quantity per unit length. Combining the operating speed, drum height, cutting depth and position of the shearer and the operating speed and coal loading factor of the scraper conveyor, the real-time simulation of the unit coal quantity of the scraper conveyor is realized through the method of multi-parameter mathematical modelling. It can intuitively reflect the coal mining process of the underground coal mines and accurately calculate the real-time coal quantity of the scraper conveyor. The results of underground industrial tests show that the algorithm is continuous and reliable, and can accurately calculate the real-time coal quantity on the scraper conveyor. The distribution of coal quantity is close to the ideal state, and it has high convergence and robustness.