深埋矿井沿空留巷切顶卸压底板变形控制

孙靖康; 涂敏; 赵庆冲; 党嘉鑫; 张欣; 李亚勉

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2024040096

深埋矿井沿空留巷切顶卸压底板变形控制

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2024040096

安徽理工大学矿业工程学院，安徽淮南　232001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52074008)。

详细信息

作者简介:
孙靖康（2000—），男，安徽安庆人，硕士，研究方向为矿山压力与围岩控制，E-mail：1041527431@qq.com

通讯作者:
涂敏（1964—），男，安徽六安人，教授，研究方向为矿山压力与围岩控制，E-mail：mtu@aust.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TD322.5
计量
- 文章访问数: 66
- HTML全文浏览量: 25
- PDF下载量: 16
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-29
- 修回日期: 2024-07-16
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-02

Floor deformation control for roof cutting and pressure relief in gob-side entry retaining of deep buried mines

School of Mining Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001, China

摘要

摘要: 目前有关巷道底鼓的研究与实践主要探讨巷道底板的变形机理及控制技术，对沿空留巷切顶卸压前后底板力学分析不全面。针对该问题，基于煤体分区破坏特征构建了切顶前后巷道围岩和底板力学模型，分析实体煤、巷旁支护及采空区对底板的作用，获得切顶前后巷道底鼓解析解，得出巷旁煤帮弹塑性区、巷道支护体及顶板下沉区底板所受载荷共同影响巷道底鼓量大小。采用数值模拟验证切顶卸压前后沿空留巷围岩破坏特征、应力分布及底鼓量变化，结果表明：切顶卸压技术可有效缩小巷道实体煤侧面及顶部的破坏区域，维持巷道围岩结构稳定；巷道底板最大应力、巷旁支护阻力、巷道底鼓量均下降，平均降幅分别为25.78%，56.14%，54.07%。现场应用结果表明，厚硬顶板沿空留巷底鼓量由709.345 1 mm降至320.965 8 mm，切顶卸压技术可以优化巷道围岩应力结构，抑制巷道底鼓，有效改善底板破坏情况。
- 底板变形控制 /
- 沿空留巷 /
- 切顶卸压 /
- 力学分析 /
- 围岩破坏特征 /
- 应力分布 /
- 底鼓
Abstract: Currently, research and practice on roadway floor heave mainly explore the deformation mechanism and control technology of roadway floor. The mechanical analysis of floor before and after roof cutting and pressure relief in gob-side entry retaining is not comprehensive. In order to solve the above problem, mechanical models of the surrounding rock and floor of the roadway before and after roof cutting are constructed based on the features of coal partition failure. The effects of solid coal, roadway support, and goaf on the floor are analyzed. The analytical solutions for the floor heave of the roadway before and after roof cutting are obtained. The conclusion is drawn that the elastic-plastic zone of the coal wall beside the roadway, the support structure of the roadway, and the load on the floor of the subsidence zone jointly affect the magnitude of the roadway floor heave. Numerical simulation is used to verify the features of rock mass failure, stress distribution, and changes in floor heave in gob-side entry retaining before and after roof cutting and pressure relief. The results show that roof cutting and pressure relief technology can effectively reduce the damage area on the solid coal side and top of the roadway, and maintain the stability of the roadway rock mass structure. The maximum stress of the roadway floor, the resistance of the roadway side support, and the amount of roadway floor heave all decrease, with an average decrease of 25.78%, 56.14%, and 54.07%, respectively. The on-site application results show that the amount of floor heave of thick hard top in gob-side entry retaining is reduced from 709.345 1 mm to 320.965 8 mm. The roof cutting and pressure relief technology can optimize the stress structure of the surrounding rock of the roadway, suppress the floor heave of the roadway, and effectively improve the floor damage.
- floor deformation control /
- gob-side entry retaining /
- roof cutting and pressure relief /
- mechanical analysis /
- features of rock mass failure /
- stress distribution /
- floor heave

HTML全文

图 1 沿空留巷工作面布置及岩性特征

Figure 1. Arrangement of gob-side entry retaining working face and lithological characteristics

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 沿空留巷围岩结构

Figure 2. Surrounding rock structure of gob-side entry retaining

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 沿空留巷力学模型

Figure 3. Mechanical model of gob-side entry retaining

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 沿空留巷底板力学模型

Figure 4. Mechanical modeling of gob-side entry retaining floor

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 沿空留巷底板等效载荷分布力学模型

Figure 5. Mechanical model of equivalent load distribution on the floor of gob-side entry retaining

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 切顶后沿空留巷围岩结构

Figure 6. Surrounding rock structure of gob-side entry retaining after roof cutting

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 切顶后沿空留巷力学模型

Figure 7. Mechanical modeling of gob-side entry retaining after roof cutting

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 切顶后沿空留巷底板等效载荷分布力学模型

Figure 8. Mechanical model of equivalent load distribution on the floor of gob-side entry retaining after roof cutting

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 切顶卸压前后工作面破坏分布特征对比

Figure 9. Comparison of damage distribution characteristics of the working face before and after roof cutting and pressure relief

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 切顶卸压前后工作面垂直应力对比

Figure 10. Comparison of vertical stress on the working face before and after roof cutting and pressure relief

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 工作面推进切顶卸压前后巷道底鼓对比

Figure 11. Comparison of floor heave before and after roof cutting and pressure relief

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 现场炮孔布置

Figure 12. Arrangement of blast hole on site

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 切顶前后沿空留巷底鼓情况

Figure 13. Condition of the floor heave in the gob-side entry retaining before and after roof cutting

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 各岩层物理力学参数

Table 1. Physical and mechanical parameters of each rock formation

岩性	弹性模量/GPa	抗拉强度/MPa	内摩擦角/（°）	泊松比	容重/ （kN·m⁻³）	黏聚力/MPa
细砂岩	42	6.50	25	0.16	27.0	5.4
粉细砂岩	18	2.35	31	0.21	26.0	3.8
中砂岩	12	2.11	28	0.22	26.2	3.3
泥岩	6	1.47	24	0.21	22.5	2.4
1煤	0.8	1.20	21	0.35	13.8	1.8
砂质泥岩	9	2.91	24	0.23	25.2	2.8

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(24)

[1]	潘立友,唐鹏,周脉来,等. 悬顶结构巷道冲击地压防控研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2022,50(4):42-48. PAN Liyou,TANG Peng,ZHOU Mailai,et al. Research on prevention and control of rock burst in entry with suspended roof structure[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2022,50(4):42-48.
[2]	何满潮,陈上元,郭志飚,等. 切顶卸压沿空留巷围岩结构控制及其工程应用[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):959-969. HE Manchao,CHEN Shangyuan,GUO Zhibiao,et al. Control of surrounding rock structure for gob-side entry retaining by cutting roof to release pressure and its engineering application[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(5):959-969.
[3]	杨鸿智, 鞠文君, 王东攀, 等. 综放工作面沿空留巷 “错动” 变形破坏机制及其控制[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2023,40(2):224-231. YANG Hongzhi, JU Wenjun, WANG Dongpan, et al. The "relative movement" deformation mechanism and control technique of gob-side entry retaining in top-coal caving mining[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2023,40(2):224-231.
[4]	马新根,何满潮,李先章,等. 切顶卸压自动成巷覆岩变形机理及控制对策研究[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2019,48(3):474-483. MA Xingen,HE Manchao,LI Xianzhang,et al. Deformation mechanism and control measures of overlying strata with gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cutting and pressure releasing[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2019,48(3):474-483.
[5]	康志鹏,段昌瑞,余国锋,等. 厚煤层软底沿空留巷围岩变形特征分析及顶帮强化支护技术[J]. 工矿自动化,2022,48(11):101-109. KANG Zhipeng,DUAN Changrui,YU Guofeng,et al. Analysis on deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of gob-side entry retaining with soft bottom in thick coal seam and strengthening support technology of roof and side[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2022,48(11):101-109.
[6]	于光远,王炯,孙晗,等. 砌块充填沿空留巷底鼓大变形机理及综合控制技术[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2022,39(2):335-346. YU Guangyuan,WANG Jiong,SUN Han,et al. Mechanism and comprehensive control techniques for large deformation of floor heave in block filling gob-side entry retaining[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2022,39(2):335-346.
[7]	何满潮, 马资敏, 郭志飚, 等. 深部中厚煤层切顶留巷关键技术参数研究[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(3):468-477. HE Manchao, MA Zimin, GUO Zhibiao, et al. Key parameters of the gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cutting and pressure release in deep medium-thickness coal seams[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2018,47(3):468-477.
[8]	张幼振. 煤矿巷道底鼓机械化治理技术应用研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2018,46(1):93-98. ZHANG Youzhen. Applied study on mechanized control technology of floor heave in mine roadway[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(1):93-98.
[9]	申斌学, 周宏范, 朱磊, 等. 深井复合顶板切顶卸压柔模墙支护沿空留巷技术[J]. 工矿自动化,2021,47(11):101-106. SHEN Binxue, ZHOU Hongfan, ZHU Lei, et al. The technology of gob-side entry retaining supported by flexible formwork wall with roof cutting and pressure relief for composite roof in deep mine[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2021,47(11):101-106.
[10]	张宇旭,王科. 煤巷底鼓破坏特征及支护技术研究[J]. 工矿自动化,2019,45(6):73-79,85. ZHANG Yuxu,WANG Ke. Research on failure characteristics of floor heave and support technology in coal roadway[J]. Industry and Mine Automation,2019,45(6):73-79,85.
[11]	黄万朋,高延法,文志杰,等. 钢管混凝土支柱巷旁支护沿空留巷技术研究[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(4):604-611. HUANG Wanpeng,GAO Yanfa,WEN Zhijie,et al. Technology of gob-side entry retaining using concrete-filled steel tubular column as roadside supporting[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2015,44(4):604-611.
[12]	王亚军,何满潮,张科学,等. 无煤柱自成巷开采巷道矿压显现特征及控制对策[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2018,35(4):677-685. WANG Yajun,HE Manchao,ZHANG Kexue,et al. Strata behavior characteristics and control countermeasures for the gateroad surroundings in innovative non-pillar mining method with gateroad formed automatically[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2018,35(4):677-685.
[13]	朱珍,张科学,袁红平. 切顶卸压沿空留巷碎石巷帮控制技术及应用[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2018,46(3):25-32. ZHU Zhen,ZHANG Kexue,YUAN Hongping. Control technology and its application of roadway side wall formed by gangue in gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cutting and pressure releasing[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(3):25-32.
[14]	冯超,刘少伟,张小东,等. 切顶条件下综放沿空留巷充填体承载特征及合理宽度研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2023,40(2):232-242. FENG Chao,LIU Shaowei,ZHANG Xiaodong,et al. Study on the bearing characteristics and reasonable width of the backfilling body for gob-side entry in fully-mechanized top-coal caving face under the roof cutting condition[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2023,40(2):232-242.
[15]	朱永建,任恒,王平,等. 倾斜厚层坚硬顶板条件下沿空留巷稳定性控制[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版),2023,54(3):956-966. ZHU Yongjian,REN Heng,WANG Ping,et al. Stability control of gob-side entry retention under the condition of inclined thick layer and hard roof[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2023,54(3):956-966.
[16]	郑西贵,安铁梁,郭玉,等. 原位煤柱沿空留巷围岩控制机理及工程应用[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2018,35(6):1091-1098. ZHENG Xigui,AN Tieliang,GUO Yu,et al. Surrounding rock control mechanism and engineering application of in situ coal pillar in gob-side entry retaining[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2018,35(6):1091-1098.
[17]	陈磊. 基于弹性基础梁模型的来压步距确定[J]. 煤矿安全,2017,48(5):49-52. CHEN Lei. Determination of weighting interval based on elastic foundation beam model[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(5):49-52.
[18]	华心祝,李迎富. 沿空留巷底板变形力学分析及底臌防控[J]. 煤炭学报,2016,41(7):1624-1631. HUA Xinzhu,LI Yingfu. Mechanics analysis on floor deformation of gob-side entry retaining and prevention and control of floor heave[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(7):1624-1631.
[19]	许斌,蒋金泉,代进,等. 采场上覆关键层破断角的力学推导和实验模拟[J]. 煤炭学报,2018,43(3):599-606. XU Bin,JIANG Jinquan,DAI Jin,et al. Mechanical derivation and experimental simulation of breaking angle of key strata in overlying strata[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(3):599-606.
[20]	马念杰,侯朝炯. 采准巷道矿压理论及应用[M]. 北京:煤炭工业出版社,1995. MA Nianjie,HOU Chaojiong. The underground pressure of sectional roadways and its control[M]. Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1995.
[21]	徐芝纶. 弹性力学简明教程[M]. 3版. 北京:高等教育出版社,2002. XU Zhilun. A concise course in elasticity[M]. 3rd ed. Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002.
[22]	周道祥,张伟林. 工程弹性力学基础[M]. 合肥:合肥工业大学出版社,2006. ZHOU Daoxiang,ZHANG Weilin. Fundamentals of engineering elasticity[M]. Hefei:Hefei Univerisity of Technology Publishing House,2006.
[23]	何满潮,高玉兵,杨军,等. 无煤柱自成巷聚能切缝技术及其对围岩应力演化的影响研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(6):1314-1325. HE Manchao,GAO Yubing,YANG Jun,et al. An energy-gathered roof cutting technique in no-pillar mining and its impact on stress variation in surrounding rocks[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(6):1314-1325.
[24]	陆银龙,韩磊,吴开智,等. 特厚煤层沿空掘巷力源结构特征与围岩协同控制策略[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2024,53(2):238-249. LU Yinlong,HAN Lei,WU Kaizhi,et al. Characteristics of stress sources and comprehensive control strategies for surrounding rocks of gob-side driving entry in extra thick coal seam[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2024,53(2):238-249.