Abstract: Based on the current research results and practical experience of 5G in coal mines, this paper analyzes the research status and development direction of key technologies for 5G in coal mines from three aspects:5G private network architecture, coverage optimization, and intelligent application scenario construction. In terms of 5G private network networking for coal mines, two types of models, namely large-scale networking at the coal group level and independent private networks for mines, can meet the needs of 5G system construction and deployment for coal mines. In terms of enhancing 5G wireless coverage for coal mines: the wireless transmission performance of 5G for coal mines needs continuous research and improvement. At present, it is advisable to use low-frequency (below 1 GHz) multi carrier SUL (supplementary uplink) for optimizing the coverage of 5G for coal mines. To achieve breakthroughs and improvements in the explosion-proof safety power threshold of underground radio waves, it is necessary to synchronously increase the wireless transmission power on both sides of the 5G base station and terminal used in coal mines. It can optimize the overall coverage capability of the 5G system used in coal mines. Pre research on 5G coverage enhancement technology for coal mines based on 6G RIS (reconfigurable intelligent surface) is needed to provide further support for improving wireless coverage capabilities. In terms of building intelligent 5G application scenarios for coal mines, it is necessary to carry out joint technical research and development in the fields of mining equipment and mining communication. It is suggested to conduct research on the information physical mapping of equipment remote control based on 5G for coal mines and future autonomous group collaborative control of equipment. It is suggested to conduct research the expected functional safety mechanism of intelligent applications. It is suggested to develop 5G modules for coal mines that are small, lightweight, and fully compatible with industrial control protocols for on-site equipment.