沿空留巷采空区自动化密闭系统

Automatic sealing system for goaf along gob-side entry retaining

  • 摘要: 现有的沿空留巷采空区密闭方法大多集中于构筑密闭墙及封堵墙体裂隙,施工周期较长且反复进行,消耗大量人力成本,自动化程度低,易发生二次破坏。针对上述问题,设计了一种沿空留巷采空区自动化密闭系统。该系统以柔性密闭气囊为载体,将未充气的气囊置于采空区密闭墙和单体液压支柱之间,对气囊充气使其与沿空留巷顶底板及采空区密闭墙外侧贴合接触;智能感知矿压显现导致的巷道围岩变形,气囊随时变化形状柔性应对,即当气囊内部压力上升并超过安全泄压阀额定压力时,自动释放气囊气体缩小体积,以重新与顶底板围岩紧密贴合,达到持续密闭采空区的效果,抑制采空区危险气体泄漏。现场试验结果表明:安全泄压阀在柔性密闭气囊内部压力达到约4 kPa时正常开启,压力达到2.7 kPa左右停止泄气;柔性密闭装备感知压力变化后收缩体积以重新适应围岩形态,可长时间并持续性地密闭采空区;柔性密闭装备安装后与采空区密闭墙贴合度高,密闭墙墙体前瓦斯体积分数降低0.13%,有效抑制了瓦斯溢出。

     

    Abstract: The existing sealing methods for goaf along gob-side entry retaining mainly focus on building sealing walls and sealing wall cracks. The construction period is long and repeated, which consumes a lot of labor costs, has a low degree of automation, and is prone to secondary damage. In order to solve the above problems, an automatic sealing system for goaf along gob-side entry retaining has been designed. The system uses flexible sealing airbags as carriers, placing uninflated airbags between the sealing wall and individual hydraulic pillars in the goaf. The system inflates the airbags to make them in contact with the roof and floor of the goaf and the outer side of the sealing wall in the goaf. The intelligent perception of mine pressure causes deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the shape of the airbag changes flexibly at any time. That is, when the internal pressure of the airbag rises and exceeds the rated pressure of the safety relief valve, it automatically releases the airbag gas to reduce the volume. The airbag re tightly adheres to the roof and floor surrounding rock. It achieves the effect of continuous sealing of the goaf and suppresses the leakage of dangerous gases in the goaf. The on-site test results show that the safety relief valve opens normally when the internal pressure of the flexible sealing airbag reaches about 4 kPa and stops venting when it reaches about 2.7 kPa. Flexible sealing equipment can sense changes in pressure and shrink its volume to adapt to the shape of surrounding rock, allowing for long-term and sustained sealing of goaf. After the installation of flexible sealing equipment, it has a high degree of adhesion with the sealing wall in the goaf. The volume fraction of gas in front of the sealing wall is reduced by 0.13%, effectively suppressing gas overflow.

     

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