跨工作面采空区瓦斯抽采技术研究

李乾荣; 王兆丰; 王树军; 安丰华; 田兴润

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2022080062

跨工作面采空区瓦斯抽采技术研究

1.
河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院, 河南焦作　454003
2.
煤矿灾害预防与抢险救灾教育部工程研究中心, 河南焦作　454003
3.
山西兰花集团有限公司东峰煤矿, 山西晋城　046700

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（52074107）。

详细信息

作者简介:
李乾荣（1998—），男，山西长治人，硕士研究生，研究方向为瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理，E-mail：798003014@qq.com

中图分类号: TD712
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-30
- 修回日期: 2023-03-24
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-12
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-24

Research on gas extraction technology in goaf across working face

1.
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
2.
Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Coal Mine Disaster Prevention and Emergency Relief, Jiaozuo 454003, China
3.
Dongfeng Coal Mine, Shanxi Lanhua Group, Jincheng 046700, China

摘要

摘要: Y型通风连续回采工作面采用沿空留巷技术提高煤炭采出率，随着工作面回采，采空区会扩大、连通，回风隅角和挡矸架内风流不畅，瓦斯不仅容易积聚，还很难稀释吹散，导致超限报警频繁。目前针对回风隅角和挡矸架内瓦斯积聚问题的解决方案，无法实现对采空区的持续抽采，且抽采能力较为分散，难以保证治理效果。针对Y型通风连续回采工作面采空区瓦斯治理难题，以东峰煤矿3202工作面为工程背景，提出一种跨工作面采空区瓦斯抽采技术。在相邻工作面的回风巷内施工定向长钻孔至采空区顶板断裂带，定向长钻孔抽采管路在工作面回采后无需撤管，可持续抽采采空区瓦斯，最大限度降低采空区及其顶板断裂带瓦斯存量，形成跨工作面，对采空区瓦斯进行抽采，减少了相邻采空区积聚瓦斯，有效防止顶板大面积垮落时采空区瓦斯突然扇出带来的瓦斯灾害。试验结果表明:跨工作面钻孔距离巷道顶板30~40 m，跨工作面定向长钻孔终孔位置在水平方向上距轨道巷20~40 m时抽采效果理想；施工定向长钻孔至采空区顶板断裂带，持续抽采采空区瓦斯，挡矸架内的瓦斯体积分数由0.67％降至0.22％，回风流瓦斯体积分数由0.47％降至0.18％，回采期间3202工作面瓦斯体积分数保持在0.6％以下。跨工作面采空区瓦斯抽采技术为采空区的瓦斯抽采方式提供了新思路。
- Y型通风连续回采工作面 /
- 定向长钻孔 /
- 跨工作面采空区瓦斯抽采 /
- 回风隅角 /
- 档矸架
Abstract: The Y-shaped ventilation continuous working face adopts the technology of gob-side entry retaining to improve the coal recovery rate. As the working face recovers, the goaf area will expand and connect. The air flow in the return corner and gangue rack is not smooth. Gas not only accumulates easily, but is also difficult to dilute and blow away. This leads to frequent exceeding limit alarms. At present, solutions of the gas accumulation in the return corner and gangue rack is unable to achieve continuous extraction of goaf. The extraction capacity is relatively scattered, making it difficult to ensure the effectiveness of governance. In order to solve the difficult problem of gas control in the goaf of the Y-shaped ventilation continuous working face, a gas extraction technology in cross working face is proposed based on the engineering background of the 3202 working face of Dongfeng Coal Mine. The directional long boreholes are constructed in the return air roadway of adjacent working faces to the roof crack zone of the goaf. The directional long borehole extraction pipeline does not need to be removed after the mining of the working face. The pipeline can continuously extract gas from the goaf, minimizing the gas storage in the goaf and its roof crack zone, forming a cross working face for gas extraction in the goaf. This reduces the accumulation of gas in adjacent goaf areas, and effectively prevents gas disasters caused by sudden gas gushing out of goaf during large-scale roof collapse. The test results show that the distance between the cross working face drilling and the roadway roof is 30-40 meters. The extraction effect is ideal when the final position of the directional long borehole across the working face is 20 to 40 meters horizontally from the track roadway. The directional long boreholes are carried out to the roof crack zone of the goaf, and the gas in the goaf is continuously extracted. The gas volume fraction in the gangue rack decreases from 0.67% to 0.22%. The gas volume fraction in the return air flow decreases from 0.47% to 0.18%. During the mining period, the gas volume fraction in the 3202 working face remaines below 0.6%. The gas extraction technology in the goaf cross working face provides a new approach for gas extraction methods in goaf areas.
- Y-shaped ventilation continuous working face /
- directional long borehole /
- cross working face goaf gas extraction /
- return air corner /
- gangue rack

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图 1 沿空留巷连续回采工作面新老采空区瓦斯勾连涌出

Figure 1. Gas gushing in the new and old goaf in continuous working face of gob-side entry retaining

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图 2 高位钻孔抽采瓦斯体积分数

Figure 2. Gas volume fraction extracted from high boreholes

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图 3 3201工作面高位钻孔抽采量变化

Figure 3. Change of extraction amount of high borehole in 3201 working face

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图 4 Y型通风工作面钻孔抽采布置

Figure 4. Borehole extraction arrangement of Y-type ventilation working face

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图 5 抽采瓦斯体积分数和纯量随时间变化曲线

Figure 5. Change curve with time of volume fraction and pure volume of extracted gas

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图 6 回采期间瓦斯体积分数变化曲线

Figure 6. Change curve of gas volume fraction during mining

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表 1 高位抽采钻孔布置参数表

Table 1 Layout parameters of high level extraction boreholes

孔
号开孔高度/m 孔深/m 方位角/（°）终孔层位高度/m 钻孔内错距离/m

1 4 639 286 40 35
1−1 4 561 325 38 30
2 4 573 274 35 28
2−1 4 510 354 30 25

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