煤矿带式输送机节能优化控制方法研究

高沛林; 苗鑫; 杨方

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2022030057

煤矿带式输送机节能优化控制方法研究

1.
西安科技大学电气与控制工程学院, 陕西西安　710054
2.
陕煤集团神木柠条塔矿业有限公司, 陕西神木　719300

基金项目: 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划青年项目（2019JQ-792）。

详细信息

作者简介:
高沛林（1988-），女，陕西兴平人，助理工程师，硕士，主要研究方向为自动控制，E-mail:2389203043@qq.com

中图分类号: TD634
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-15
- 修回日期: 2022-05-07
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-28
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-26

Research on energy-saving optimal control method of belt conveyor in coal mine

1.
College of Electrical and Control Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
2.
Shenmu Ningtiaota Mining Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group, Shenmu 719300, China

摘要

摘要: 由于煤炭生产的不连续性，使带式输送机常常处于空载、轻载及很少达到满载的运行状态，造成电能浪费，同时加剧了设备磨损。目前解决该问题的方法是根据煤流量对带式输送机进行调速控制。但目前的方法较少考虑带式输送机之间煤流的上下游接续关系、煤流量传感器安装位置、检测误差、信息滞后及带速改变过程中的时序关系等。针对上述问题，依据带式输送机驱动功率与运行阻力和带速的关系，得出了带式输送机最优节能运行条件和最佳节电率；根据最优节能运行条件、带式输送机上下游接续方式与物料平衡关系、额定运输质量与额定带速，得出了带式输送机最优节能控制条件下的最小带速与最优带速控制系数；考虑煤流量传感器安装位置、检测误差、信息滞后及带速改变过程中的时序关系等因素，提出了一种带式输送机节能优化控制方法。该方法根据上游带式输送机的煤流量，计算得到最优节能控制条件下下游带式输送机优化节能控制的给定带速变化曲线，依据该曲线实现对下游带式输送机带速的调节。利用搭建的带式输送机模拟节能实验平台，对最佳节电率进行了检验，结果表明：带式输送机在最优节能运行条件下的最佳节电率为20.9%~76.5%，但在实际运输系统中，由于带速不能连续调节，所以不可能达到最优运行工况。将带式输送机节能优化控制方法应用于柠条塔煤矿101号主提升带式输送机控制中，结果表明：该方法实现了煤流的平稳接续，节电率为9.1%~43.9%，节能效果明显。
- 带式输送机 /
- 最优节能运行条件 /
- 最佳节电率 /
- 带速调节 /
- 煤流检测 /
- 煤流接续 /
- 节能优化控制
Abstract: Due to the discontinuity of coal production, the belt conveyor is often in the running state of no-load, light load and rarely full load. This causes a waste of electricity and exacerbates the wear and tear of equipment. At present, the method to solve this problem is to control the velocity of belt conveyor according to the information of coal flow. However, the current method seldom considers the connection relationship between the upstream and downstream of the coal flow between the belt conveyors, the installation position of the coal flow sensor, the detection error, the information lag and the timing sequence relationship in the process of belt velocity change. In order to solve the above problems, according to the relationship between driving power, running resistance and belt velocity of belt conveyor, the optimal energy-saving running condition and the optimal energy-saving rate of belt conveyor are obtained. According to the optimal energy-saving running conditions, the relationship between upstream and downstream connection mode of belt conveyor and material balance, rated transportation quality and rated belt velocity, the minimum belt velocity and optimal belt velocity control coefficient under the optimal energy-saving control conditions of belt conveyor are obtained. According to the installation position of the coal flow sensor, the detection error, the information lag and the time sequence relationship of the belt velocity change process, an energy-saving optimal control method of belt conveyor is proposed. According to the coal flow information of the upstream belt conveyor, this method calculates the given curve of the belt velocity change of the downstream belt conveyor under the optimal energy-saving control condition. The adjustment of the belt velocity of the downstream belt conveyor is realized according to the curve. By using the simulated energy-saving experiment platform of belt conveyor, the optimal power saving rate is tested. The results show that the optimal power saving rate of belt conveyor under the optimal energy-saving running condition is 20.9%-76.5%. However, in the actual transportation system, because the belt velocity can not be adjusted continuously, it is impossible to achieve the optimal running condition. The energy-saving optimal control method of belt conveyor is apply to the control of the No. 101 main hoisting belt conveyor in Ningtiaota Coal Mine. And the result shows that this method realizes the smooth connection of coal flow, and the power saving rate is 9.1%-43.9%. The energy saving effect is obvious.
- belt conveyor /
- optimal energy-saving operation condition /
- optimal power saving rate /
- belt velocity adjustment /
- coal flow detection /
- coal flow connection /
- energy saving optimal control

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图 1 带式输送机单入串联接续

Figure 1. Single input series connection of belt conveyor

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图 2 带式输送机双入串联接续

Figure 2. Dual input series connection of belt conveyor

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图 3 煤流量信息检测

Figure 3. Coal flow information detection

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图 4 煤流量检测时序

Figure 4. Timing sequence of coal flow detection

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图 5 煤流平稳接续的给定带速

Figure 5. Given belt velocity of smooth connection of coal flow

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图 6 带式输送机节能优化控制流程

Figure 6. Flow of energy saving optimized control for belt conveyor

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图 7 带式输送机模拟节能实验平台

Figure 7. Simulation energy-saving experimental platform of belt conveyor

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图 8 柠条塔煤矿主运输系统

Figure 8. Main transportation system of Ningtiaota Coal Mine

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表 1 不同填充率和转速下的电动机驱动功率

Table 1 Driving powers of motor at different filling rate and rotate speed

$ \gamma $	驱动功率/W
$ \gamma $	$ {n_{\text{N}}} $	$ 0.8{n_{\text{N}}} $	$ 0.6{n_{\text{N}}} $	$ 0.4{n_{\text{N}}} $	$ 0.2{n_{\text{N}}} $
0	1541.7	1247.8	957.8	668.9	390.1
0.2	2114.3	1678.1	1284.5	893.4	497.8
0.4	2406.9	1931.8	1481.7	968.6	575.1
0.6	2977.0	2389.1	1806.2	1236.7	698.7
0.8	3520.9	2785.0	2092.5	1461.7	871.6
1.0	4111.1	3321.6	2508.7	1744.6	1132.4

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表 2 不同填充率下的最佳节电率

Table 2 Optimal power saving rate under different filling rate

$ \gamma $	0	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.8
${\lambda _{\max } } /{\text{%}}$	74.7	76.5	59.8	39.3	20.9

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表 3 带式输送机基本参数

Table 3 Basic parameters of belt conveyors

基本参数	带式输送机
基本参数	1号	2号	3号	4号
长度/m	2500	2000	2000	160
装机功率/kW	1500	1500	3000	132
输送量/（t·h⁻¹）	3000	3000	4000	4000
额定带速/（m·s⁻¹）	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0
煤流量测距/m	l₁=300	l₂=300	l₃=280	—

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表 4 加速与减速过程接续时段

Table 4 Connection time interval in acceleration and deceleration process

加速过程（0.8~3.2 m/s）			减速过程（3.2~2.4 m/s）
	时段	时长/s		时段	时长/s
	$ \Delta {t_{11}} $	12		$ \Delta {t_{21}} $	12
	$ \Delta {t_{12}} $	23		$ \Delta {t_{22}} $	63
	$ \Delta {t_{13}} $	30		$ \Delta {t_{23}} $	10
	$ \Delta {t_{14}} $	10		$ \Delta {t_{24}} $	10

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表 5 不同工况下驱动功率统计

Table 5 Powers statistics under different working conditions

${\gamma _3}$	驱动功率/kW		$ {k_3} $	$\lambda / {\text{%}}$
${\gamma _3}$	$ {P_{{\text{GT}}.{\text{max}}}} $	${P'_{ {\text{GT} }{\text{.min} } } }$	$ {k_3} $	$\lambda / {\text{%}}$
0	981	364	0.2	62.9
(0,0.2]	1335	749	0.2	43.9
(0.2,0.4]	1658	1201	0.4	27.6
(0.4,0.6]	2036	1634	0.6	19.7
(0.6,0.8]	2397	2178	0.8	9.1
(0.8,1.0]	2799	2799	1.0	−

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