Impact of water accumulation in abandoned mines on adjacent production mines
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摘要: 闭坑矿井老空水积水会破坏矿界煤柱强度，引起煤柱失效，对邻近生产矿井存在安全威胁。针对目前对矿界煤柱采动损伤后老空水位安全极限的研究不全面的问题，以淮北矿业集团朔石矿业东部井（简称朔石东部井）和淮北双龙矿业有限责任公司（简称双龙公司）为研究对象，分析了朔石东部井闭坑老空水对双龙公司的影响，并提出对应的水害防治措施。通过理论计算和数值模拟研究矿界煤柱采动损伤，根据损伤结果计算老空水位安全极限；基于伯努利方程及Darcy−Weisbach管道流理论，计算井下已有疏水钻孔疏水能力，评价安全性。研究结果表明：在采动影响下，矿界煤柱损伤宽度约为19 m，有效宽度仅为21 m，能承受的最大水位差为33 m，朔石东部井闭坑水位回升至−398 m时，煤柱存在失稳可能；井下现有疏水钻孔疏水量约为89 m3/h，小于矿井实际闭坑涌水量160 m3/h，达到极限水位后，老空水位仍可能持续回升，存在水害威胁。提出了扩大孔径、增补疏水钻孔等水害防治措施，研究结果可为类似条件闭坑水害防治提供借鉴。Abstract: The goaf water accumulation of abandoned mine will damage the strength of boundary coal pillar, cause coal pillar failure, and pose a threat to the safety of adjacent production mine. The research on the safety limit of goaf water level after mining damage of coal pillar at mine boundary is not comprehensive. In order to solve the problem, taking East Shaft of Shuoshi Mining Industry of Huaibei Mining Group(Shuoshi East Shaft) and Huaibei Shuanglong Mining Co., Ltd.(Shuanglong Company) as the research objects, this paper analyzes the impact of goaf water in abandoned mine of Shuoshi East Shaft on Shuanglong Company, and puts forward corresponding water disaster prevention measures. The mining damage of coal pillar at mine boundary is studied by theoretical calculation and numerical simulation, and the safety limit of goaf water level is calculated according to the damage results. Based on the Bernoulli equation and the Darcy-Weisbach pipeline flow theory, the drainage capacity of the existing drainage boreholes is calculated and the safety is evaluated. The research results show that under the impact of mining, the damaged width of coal pillar at the mine boundary is about 19 m, the effective width is only 21 m, and the maximum water level difference that can be borne is 33 m. When the water level in the abandoned mine of Shuoshi East Shaft rises to −398 m, the coal pillar may be unstable. The drainage capacity of the existing drainage boreholes in the mine is about 89 m3/h, which is less than the actual abandoned mine water inflow of 160 m3/h. After reaching the limit water level, the goaf water level may continue to rise, and there is a threat of water disaster. The water disaster prevention and control measures such as enlarging the borehole diameter and adding drainage boreholes are proposed. The research results can provide reference for the water disaster prevention and control of abandoned mine under similar conditions.
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图 2 双龙公司老空水探查预疏钻孔设计位置
Figure 2. Design location of pre-drain borehole for goaf water exploration of Shuanglong Company
图 6 Ⅱ3721工作面回采数值模拟结果
Figure 6. Numerical simulation results of Ⅱ3721 working face mining
图 7 Ⅱ3123工作面回采数值模拟结果
Figure 7. Numerical simulation results of Ⅱ3123 working face mining
表 1 三维模型中各煤岩层参数
Table 1. Parameters of each rock layer in 3D model
岩性 体积模
量/GPa剪切模
量/GPa内摩擦
角/（°）黏聚
力/GPa抗拉强
度/GPa密度/
（g·cm−3）泥岩 3.60 1.96 27 2.20 1.30 2.43 粉砂岩 6.00 3.43 30 2.30 2.00 2.53 细砂岩 6.50 4.48 30 3.20 2.50 2.54 中砂岩 6.20 3.90 30 3.75 3.85 2.54 3煤 2.13 1.10 25 0.60 0.98 2.30 2煤 2.13 1.10 25 0.60 0.98 2.30 
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