Abstract: At present, most studies only discuss the impact of a single factor on the thermal environment of the extraction roadway, and do not discuss the importance of multiple factors on the thermal environment of the extraction roadway. Fluent software is used to carry out three-dimensional modeling and numerical simulation of the extraction roadway, and orthogonal test and control variate method are used to analyze the influence degree of the inlet wind speed, inlet wind temperature, surrounding rock temperature and the diameter of the air duct on the thermal environment of the extraction roadway. The numerical simulation results show that the influence degrees on the thermal environment of the extraction roadway in descending order are the surrounding rock temperature, air duct diameter, inlet wind temperature and inlet wind speed. The influence degrees of inlet wind speed, inlet wind temperature and air duct diameter on the thermal environment of the extraction roadway remain stable. The farther away from the extraction working face, the more significant the influence of surrounding rock temperature on the thermal environment of the extraction roadway. There is a negative power function relationship between the extraction roadway temperature and the inlet wind speed. Increasing the inlet wind speed can reduce the extraction roadway temperature, but if the inlet wind speed is too high, the cooling effect becomes less and less obvious. There is a linear positive correlation between the extraction roadway temperature and the inlet wind temperature and the surrounding rock temperature, and there is a linear negative correlation between the extraction roadway temperature and the diameter of the air duct. Origin is used to fit the numerical simulation results, and obtain the multiple linear regression equation between the extraction roadway temperature and the inlet wind speed, inlet wind temperature, surrounding rock temperature and air duct diameter. The goodness of fit is high, and the results can provide effective reference for engineering prediction of extraction roadway temperature.