Abstract: At present,current sinusoidal vibration test method for mine-used lithium ion storage battery cannot fully reflect fatigue life and reliability of the battery structure, as well as vibration response of its internal structure and vibration characteristics under excitation state. Aiming at the above problems, the virtual excitation method commonly used in random vibration is used to analyze vibration response of mine-used vehicle-mounted explosion-proof lithium-ion storage battery. The change of explosion-proof performance and electrical performance of the battery under vibration condition is analyzed from four aspects of acceleration response, contact resistance, temperature and clearance of explosion-proof cavity. After 8 h vibration test of the tested lithium ion storage battery, although explosion-proof clearance at the flameproof cavity and shell cover still meets requirements of class I explosion-proof electrical equipment, the explosion-proof clearance significantly increases, and there is a risk of explosion-proof failure (explosion transmission) in long-term use under this working condition. Due to the process, material or assembly during fastening period, contact resistance of positive terminal post of the battery becomes larger, which significantly increases local heating. If temperature continues to rise, the lithium ion storage battery film would melt resulting in the risk of combustion or even explosion. The results show that the random vibration test method can fully expose defects of product structure design, provide effective data support for the overall structure, stress change, working stability analysis and fatigue life prediction of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery under vibration conditions.