Abstract: For problems of inflexible layout, high cost, difficult maintenance, short communication distance and high power consumption of existing communication mode of monitoring terminal in coal mine underground, a design scheme of remote monitoring terminal in coal mine underground was proposed. Low power consumption and wireless communication are realized based on core processor STM32F103ZET and radio frequency chip SX1278; channel state is detected by use of signal-to-noise ratio, and channel collision is avoided by use of random time backward detection method; security of data sending and receiving is guaranteed by designing custom communication protocol of application layer. The test results show that packet loss rate of the monitoring terminal is not more than 4% within 1.8 km communication distance, and average working current is about 0.058 mA. It is suitable for long-distance and low power consumption data networking transmission in coal mine.