Abstract: The paper analyzed research status of rescue drilling technology, coal mine rescue detection robot and mine drilling rescue detection robot at home and abroad. It pointed out that using the research achievements of the coal mine rescue detection robot and pipeline robot combined with detection requirements of mine rescue drilling can develope the mine rescue drilling detection robot which meet the requirements of mine application, and improve rescue success rate of mine disaster. It also analyzed key technologies and development trend of mine rescue drilling detection robot in items of mobile mechanism, navigation, location and path planning, sensor detecting, communication and control mode, energy supply and explosion-proof performance. Meanwhile, it put forward that innovative design should be done on mobile mechanism, energy supply and explosion-proof performance around trafficability characteristic, reliability, lightweight, intelligentization of robot, so as to improve detection range and accuracy of the sensor; and intelligent algorithms of navigation, location and control in unknown and unstructured environment should be researched, so as to improve the environmental adaptability of the robot.