Abstract: Characteristics of wireless communication environment and multi-antenna radiation in coal mine tunnel were analyzed. An adaptive multi-antenna technology was proposed on basis of tunnel waveguide theory and adaptive array antenna technology. Basic composition and principle of the adaptive multi-antenna in coal mine tunnel were introduced. Meanwhile, key technologies needed to be further studied were discussed. The adaptive multi-antenna in coal mine tunnel can selectively control number, type and intensity of guided wave modes according to channel characteristics, so as to improve underground status of wireless communication coverage from the source and performance of coal mine wireless communication system.