Abstract: Development background of coal mine rescue robot was introduced, and research status and application situation of coal mine rescue robot at home and abroad were summarized. Some technical problems about robots taking part in coal mine rescue work were analyzed and pointed out, such as poor terrain adaptability, large size, short effective working distance, defective intelligence, low stability and so on. Technical development direction of coal mine rescue robot was put forward, namely bionic mechanical structure, efficient energy, lightweight materials, intelligent machine control, collaborative rescue and modular design. It was also pointed out that the future development of coal mine rescue robot would be accompanied with common development of various technologies.