Abstract: In order to solve problem of heat dissipation of host computer of mine through-the-earth communication system, a heat dissipation structure of host computer of mine through-the-earth communication based on heat technology was designed. Transfer thermal resistance of dissipation structure of heat pipe is researched by numerical calculation method, and the calculation result is verified that the heat dissipation structure meets requirement of heat dissipation performance of the host computer. Finally temperature field cloud of the dissipation structure of heat pipe is obtained by numerical simulation method, and the simulation result coincides with the numerical result. Correctness of the design is verified by temperature monitoring test of a prototype.