Abstract: Integrated localization and wireless communication(ILWC) is a new information technology based on hardware resources and software information sharing to realize the coordination of location and communication functions. This paper briefly introduces the research progress of wireless communication technology and localization technology, and reveals that ILWC technology is the inevitable result of the bearer services expansion of wireless communication system. This study summarizes the definition and connotation of ILWC technology in different research. The core idea of ILWC is defined as "hardware integration and software sharing". The research progress of ILWC technology is summarized according to the two stages of equipment reuse and deep fusion. Combined with the particularity of the scene of the coal mine, the concept of ILWC in the coal mine is put forward. Based on the sharing of time, space, spectrum, computing and other resources, the technology is the fusion technology of communication function and localization function with an automatic scene perception and dynamic and adaptive resource allocation mechanism. The adaptability of underground ILWC in roadway, central substation, underground parking lot, coal working face and other scenes is discussed. It is pointed out that the challenges faced by underground ILWC are the complexity of underground wireless channel, unbalanced deployment of base stations and precise recognition of complex underground scene.