我国露天矿智能运输技术现状及发展趋势

Current status and development trend of intelligent transportation technology in China's open-pit mines

  • 摘要: 运输环节作为露天矿生产工艺的最重要因素之一,其智能化是矿山整体智能化技术的重要研究内容。介绍了露天矿运输系统的构成及分类;明确了露天矿智能运输系统是以露天矿煤岩高效运输为应用场景,以智能化运输装备为核心载体,将物联网、云计算、大数据、人工智能、移动互联等数字技术与露天矿运输系统运行原理和工艺要求深度融合,建立运输系统内设备、环境、物料的自主协同高效运行体系,进而建立起大范围内发挥作用的实时、准确、高效的运输综合管理系统,其构成要素主要包括基础设施、运输工具和运算技术。指出露天矿传统运输系统与智能运输系统的区别在于智能运输系统以提高现场生产作业安全和效率为目标,服务对象由原来的生产管理人员转变为生产作业人员。从基础设施智能化、装备智能化、管控智能化、维保智能化和设计智能化5个方面,综述了我国露天矿智能运输系统的研究和产品应用现状。分析了露天矿卡车运输系统和带式输送机运输系统实现智能化亟待突破的关键技术:卡车智能运输关键技术包括矿山复杂路况的环境感知技术、无人驾驶卡车线控改造技术、多目标智能调度技术、有人−无人混编设备群智能协同技术;带式输送机智能运输关键技术包括工作面带式输送机自主横移技术、自移式大倾角带式输送机运输技术、带式输送机运行控制技术、带式输送机状态在线检测技术、带式输送机智能巡检技术、带式输送机无人化维护技术、带式输送机运输系统智能管控平台。指出露天矿智能运输发展的趋势为连续化、无人化、低碳化、高效协同和本质安全。

     

    Abstract: As one of the most important factors in the production process of open-pit mine, the intelligence of transportation is an important research content of the whole intelligence technology of mine. This paper introduces the composition and classification of the transportation system in open-pit mine. It is clarified that the intelligent transportation system in open-pit mine takes the efficient transportation of coal and rock in open-pit mine as the application scenario and the intelligent transportation equipment as the core carrier. The digital technologies such as the Internet of things, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, and mobile Internet are integrated with the operating principles and technological requirements of the open-pit mine transportation system. The autonomous collaborative and efficient operation system of equipment, environment and materials in the transportation system is established. And the real-time, accurate and efficient transportation integrated management system that plays a role in a wide range is further established. The components of the intelligent transportation system in open-pit mine mainly include infrastructure, transportation tools and computing technology. It is pointed out that the difference between the traditional transportation system and the intelligent transportation system in open-pit mine lies in that the intelligent transportation system takes improving the safety and efficiency of field production operation as the goal. The service object is changed from the original production management personnel to the production operating personnel. The research and application status of intelligent transportation system in open-pit mine in China are summarized from five aspects, including intelligent infrastructure, intelligent equipment, intelligent management and control, intelligent maintenance and intelligent design. The key technologies of the truck transportation system and the belt conveyor transportation system in the open-pit mine to realize the intelligence are analyzed in this paper. The key technologies of intelligent truck transportation include environment perception technology for complex road conditions in mines, line control transformation technology for unmanned driving truck, multi-objective intelligent scheduling technology, and intelligent collaboration technology for manned-unmanned mixed equipment group. The key technologies of intelligent belt conveyor transportation include autonomous traverse technology of belt conveyor in working face, transportation technology of self-moving large-angle belt conveyor, operation control technology of belt conveyor, on-line status detection technology of belt conveyor, intelligent inspection technology of belt conveyor, unmanned maintenance technology of belt conveyor, intelligent management and control platform of belt conveyor transportation system. It is pointed out that the development trend of intelligent transportation in open-pit mine is continuous, unmanned, low-carbon, efficient coordination and intrinsic safety.

     

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