Abstract: Characteristics of coal mine gas and coal dust explosion are analyzed: Concentration of O2 in air decreases rapidly, while concentrations of CO2, CO and other toxic and harmful gases increase rapidly; Ambient temperature rises rapidly, and air pressure increases rapidly and then falls; Stronger infrared and ultraviolet radiation are generated; High-temperature, high-pressure, high-speed explosion shock wave and flame front are generated; Explosion sound and vibration are generated; A large amount of smoke and dust are generated; Wind speed increases rapidly and then falls, and wind flow reverses; Roadway collapses, electromechanical equipment is moved and damaged; A large number of casualties are caused. A coal mine gas and coal dust explosion perception alarm and explosion source judgment method based on multi-information fusion of gas (O2, CO2, CO)concentration, temperature, sound, vibration, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, smoke, dust, infrared, ultraviolet and image is proposed: Gas and coal dust explosion can be identified through change of multi-parameters; Explosion source can be determined according to change range, change sequence of the parameters and sensor damage at different positions. Protection and setting methods of sensor are proposed: Sensor should be equipped with a streamlined or arc-shaped shell, and the sensor shell should use high-temperature resistant, fireproof and heat-insulating material; Sensor should be installed in center of roadway top; Sensor should be installed on mining face and heading face, and the sensor should be located 10-15 m away from the working face; Sensor should be installed in the middle of each roadway(without branches).Protection and setting methods of cable and optical cable are proposed: Armored cable and optical cable should be adopted, and the cable and optical cable should have properties of flame retardant, high-temperature resistance and impact resistance; Cable and optical cable should be buried at the angle between roadway side wall and floor; Cable and optical cable can also be protected by introducing into compressed air duct.