Research on emergency management system of unmanned transportation system in open-pit coal mine
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摘要: 随着智能化矿山的发展，露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统已逐步开展实验应用，但新技术的应用带来新的管理挑战，已有的应急管理体系无法满足新的现状需求。针对上述问题，从现状分析、体系框架设计、体系构建、未来发展趋势等4个方面，对露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统应急管理体系进行了研究。首先，分析了露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统应急管理现状，总结了应急管理工作中可能面临的新挑战：新技术应用经验不足、缺乏针对性应急管理内容、信息共享及协调能力弱导致事件处置流程与内容不够明确。其次，对露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统的突发事件进行了分类（包括运输事故类、气象灾害类、通信事故类、火灾类及其他类），并结合露天煤矿企业安全及应急管理的总体要求，针对性地设计了露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统的应急管理体系框架，涵盖了生产作业过程中对突发性危机事件的预防、监控、处理和恢复整个环节。然后，从应急准备与演练、监测预警、应急响应、处置管理4个方面对露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统应急管理体系建设内容进行了详细分析。最后，基于智能化矿山发展背景，探讨了露天煤矿应急管理体系未来发展趋势，包括调度管理与应急处置一体化、应急预案编制智能化、信息安全重视高度化。研究成果为进一步完善露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统突发事件应急管理理论、制定切实有效的应急预案提供了参考。Abstract: With the development of the intelligent mine, open-pit coal mine unmanned transportation system has gradually carried out experimental applications. But the application of new technologies brings new management challenges. The existing emergency management system can not meet the needs of the new status. In order to solve the above problems, the emergency management system of the unmanned transportation system in the open-pit coal mine is studied from four aspects: the analysis of the present situation, the design of the system framework, the system construction and the future development trend. Firstly, the status quo of emergency management of unmanned transportation system in the open-pit coal mine is analyzed. The new challenges that may be faced in emergency management are summarized. The challenges include the lack of experience in the application of new technologies, the lack of targeted emergency management content, and the lack of clarity in the event disposal process and content caused by the weak capability of information sharing and coordination. Secondly, the emergency of the unmanned transportation system in the open pit coal mine is classified (including transportation accident, meteorological disaster, communication accident, fire and others). According to the general requirements of safety and emergency management of open pit coal mine enterprises, the framework of the emergency management system of the unmanned transportation system in the open pit is designed. The framework covers the whole links of prevention, monitoring, disposal and recovery of the sudden crisis in the production process. Thirdly, the construction of the emergency management system of the unmanned transportation system in the open pit coal mine is analyzed in detail from four aspects of emergency preparation and drill, monitoring and early warning, emergency response and disposal management. Finally, based on the development background of intelligent mine, the future development trend of emergency management system in the open-pit coal mine is discussed, including the integration of dispatching management and emergency disposal, the intellectualization of emergency plan preparation, and the emphasis on information security. The research results provide a reference for further improving the emergency management theory of unmanned transportation system in open-pit coal mine and formulating effective emergency plan.
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图 1 露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统的突发事件分类
Figure 1. Emergency classification of unmanned transportation system of open-pit coal mine
图 2 露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统应急管理体系框架
Figure 2. Framework of emergency management system of unmanned transportation system of open-pit coal mine
图 3 露天煤矿无人驾驶运输系统应急组织机构框架
Figure 3. Framework of emergency organization of unmanned transportation system of open-pit coal mine
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