高压气体致裂煤岩孔壁应变响应特征研究

孔子幸; 马衍坤; 杨发德; 王小岐; 龚立强; 江明锋

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2024090009

高压气体致裂煤岩孔壁应变响应特征研究

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2024090009

孔子幸^{1, 2,},
马衍坤^{1, 3, ,},
杨发德⁴,
王小岐⁴,
龚立强⁴,
江明锋⁴

1.
安徽理工大学煤矿安全高效开采省部共建教育部重点实验室，安徽淮南　232001
2.
安徽理工大学矿山安全高效开采安徽省高校工程技术研究中心，安徽淮南　232001
3.
河南理工大学深井瓦斯抽采与围岩控制技术国家地方联合工程实验室，河南焦作　454150
4.
京昆高速铁路西昆有限公司，重庆　400020

基金项目: 云南省重点研发项目（202303AA080014）；深井瓦斯抽采与围岩控制技术国家地方联合工程实验室开放基金资助项目（SJF2203）；安徽省高校杰出青年科研项目（2024AH020001）。

详细信息

作者简介:
孔子幸（1999—），男，安徽合肥人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为煤岩动力灾害防治，E-mail：2118923465@qq.com

通讯作者:
马衍坤（1985—），男，山东肥城人，教授，博士，主要研究方向为煤岩动力灾害防治，E-mail：Kzxfun@163.com。

中图分类号: TD712.7
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-03
- 修回日期: 2024-10-30
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-23

Study on the strain response characteristics of coal and rock borehole walls under high-pressure gas fracturing

KONG Zixing^{1, 2
,},
MA Yankun^{1, 3
, ,},
YANG Fade⁴,
WANG Xiaoqi⁴,
GONG Liqiang⁴,
JIANG Mingfeng⁴

1.
State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
2.
Engineering Technology Research Center for Safe and Efficient Mining, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
3.
State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Gas Drainage & Ground Control of Deep Mines, Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454150, China
4.
Beijing Kunming High-speed Railway Xikun Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400020, China

摘要

摘要: 目前缺乏对空气致裂全过程进行精准监测和评价的手段，而应变监测能够实时记录裂纹萌生和扩展的过程。通过研究高压气体冲击全过程中孔壁的应变响应，可明确致裂过程裂纹与应变响应之间的关系，获得最优致裂角度。为了探寻高压气体致裂煤岩体过程中裂纹和与应变之间的关系，利用高压气体冲击致裂煤岩体真三轴实验系统，开展了5种冲击角度（0，30，45，60，90°）下的高压气体致裂实验，研究了气体致裂过程中煤岩体裂缝形态、气压曲线与孔壁应变响应特征。实验结果表明：① 随着冲击角度增加，煤岩体裂缝形态呈现先复杂后单一的分布特征。② 致裂过程中气压呈现上升、陡降、聚集、稳定释放4个阶段。③ 孔壁应变数据主要由拉应变组成，应变曲线出现2个明显峰值，第1个峰值在气压曲线达到峰值0.1 s后出现并伴随主裂纹产生，第2个峰值常伴随着主裂纹的衍生与扩展。④ 当冲击角度为45°时，试件内部容易萌生复杂裂纹网络，致裂效果最佳。
- 气体致裂 /
- 孔壁应变 /
- 冲击角度 /
- 裂缝形态 /
- 气压响应
Abstract: There has been a lack of precise methods for monitoring and evaluating the entire process of gas fracturing. However, strain monitoring can effectively record the real-time initiation and propagation of cracks. By studying the strain response of borehole walls during high-pressure gas impact, the relationship between crack formation and strain response during the fracturing process can be clarified, enabling the identification of the optimal fracturing angle. A true triaxial experimental system for high-pressure gas fracturing of coal and rock was used, and experiments were conducted at five different impact angles (0, 30, 45, 60, 90°) to investigate crack morphology, pressure curves, and strain response characteristics of the borehole walls. The experimental results revealed that: ① As the impact angle increased, the crack morphology of coal and rock exhibited a pattern that was initially complex but later became simpler. ② The gas pressure during the fracturing process passed through four stages: an increase, a sharp drop, accumulation, and steady release. ③ The strain data for the borehole walls were predominantly tensile, and the strain curve displayed two distinct peaks: the first peak occurred 0.1 seconds after the pressure curve reached its peak, coinciding with the formation of the main crack; the second peak was generally associated with the propagation and expansion of the main crack. ④ When the impact angle was 45°, a more complex crack network tended to form within the specimen, resulting in the most effective fracturing.
- gas fracturing /
- borehole wall strain /
- impact angle /
- crack morphology /
- gas pressure response

HTML全文

图 1 试件和致裂管

Figure 1. Test specimen and fracturing tube

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图 2 高压气体致裂煤岩实验系统

Figure 2. High pressure gas fracturing coal and rock experimental system

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图 3 试件三轴应力

Figure 3. Triaxial stress of specimen

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图 4 应变片位置

Figure 4. Strain gauge position

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图 5 不同冲击角度下试件破坏形态

Figure 5. Specimen damage morphology under different impact angles

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图 6 不同冲击角度下气压曲线

Figure 6. Pressure curves under different impact angles

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图 7 不同冲击角度下致裂过程应变变化

Figure 7. Strain variation during fracturing under different impact angles

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图 8 不同冲击角度下的应变响应

Figure 8. Strain response under different impact angles

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图 9 应变持续时间与拉应变峰值

Figure 9. Duration of strain and peak tensile strain

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表 1 高压气体致裂煤岩实验结果

Table 1. Experimental results of high-pressure gas fracturing of coal and rock

组号	冲击角度/（°）	起裂压力/MPa	裂缝总长度/cm	裂缝最大宽度/mm
1	0	14.11	43.50	2.5
2	30	12.95	65.76	3.2
3	45	11.64	102.50	6.4
4	60	13.08	86.40	4.3
5	90	12.20	80.30	5.5

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