Migration and distribution patterns of cutting dust in a continuous mining face under ventilation disturbance
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摘要: 为掌握通风扰动下连采工作面截割粉尘运移及分布规律，以陕西红柳林煤矿15218连采工作面为研究对象，采用SolidWorks构建了连采工作面物理模型，基于欧拉−拉格朗日方法，使用CFD软件对风流场、粉尘浓度分布、粉尘粒径分布进行了数值模拟。结果表明：① 连采工作面内大部分含尘风流向回风侧运移，粉尘主要富集于回风侧连续采煤机截割滚筒下方的三角区及连续采煤机尾部至巷道中部区域。② 涡流区内粉尘富集较少，部分粉尘富集于梭车内，尾流区内粉尘云团呈凹形条带状。③ 含尘风流向巷道出口运移过程中，粗尘沉降最多，细尘次之，微尘沉降最少；微尘、细尘、粗尘数量随巷道高度增加均呈先增加后减少的变化规律；微尘、细尘、粗尘数量随距采煤壁面距离、回风侧巷道壁面距离的增大均减少。④ 呼吸带高度处粉尘云团浓度和面积均随风速增大而减小，且微尘、细尘、粗尘占比分别为15%，54%，31%左右，基本不受风速变化影响。⑤ 1.6 m/s的风速虽利于呼吸带高度平面粉尘富集区域的排尘，但会扬起更多的粉尘进入呼吸带高度平面，因此既要合理增大风速进行全局排尘，也要采取针对性措施进行局部重点控降尘。Abstract: To understand the migration and distribution patterns of cutting dust in the continuous mining face under ventilation disturbance, the 15218 continuous mining face of the Hongliulin Coal Mine in Shaanxi was taken as the research object. A physical model of the continuous mining face was constructed using SolidWorks. Based on the Euler-Lagrange method, CFD software was employed to numerically simulate the airflow field, dust concentration distribution, and dust particle size distribution. The results showed that: ① Most of the dust-laden airflow in the continuous mining face migrated toward the return air side. Dust primarily accumulated in the triangular area beneath the cutting drum of the continuous miner and in the region from the tail of the continuous miner to the middle of the tunnel. ② Dust accumulation was less in the vortex zone, with some dust accumulating in the shuttle car. In the wake zone, dust formed a concave, strip-like cloud. ③ As the dust-laden airflow moved toward the tunnel exit, coarse dust settled the most, followed by fine dust, while ultrafine dust settled the least. The quantities of ultrafine dust, fine dust, and coarse dust initially increased and then decreased with the increase in tunnel height. The quantities of ultrafine dust, fine dust, and coarse dust decreased as the distance from the mining face and the return air side tunnel wall increased. ④ The dust concentration and area at the breathing zone height decreased as wind speed increased. The proportions of ultrafine dust, fine dust, and coarse dust were approximately 15%, 54%, and 31%, respectively, and were generally unaffected by changes in wind speed. ⑤ A wind speed of 1.6 m/s facilitated dust removal in the breathing zone plane but also lifted more dust into the breathing zone, making it necessary to appropriately increase the wind speed for global dust removal while implementing targeted measures for localized dust control.
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Key words:
- continuous mining face /
- cutting dust /
- dust migration /
- dust concentration /
- particle size distribution
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图 7 连采工作面粉尘滞留时间分布
Figure 7. Dust residence time distribution of continuous mining face
图 8 连采工作面粉尘颗粒流指数分布
Figure 8. Dust particle flow index distribution of continuous mining face
图 9 距采煤壁面不同距离处粉尘浓度分布
Figure 9. Dust concentration distribution at different distances from coal wall
图 10 距巷道底板不同距离处粉尘浓度分布
Figure 10. Dust concentration distribution at different distances from roadway floor
图 11 距回风侧巷道壁面不同距离处粉尘浓度分布
Figure 11. Dust concentration distribution at different distances from roadway wall of return air side
图 12 距采煤壁面不同距离处粉尘粒径分布
Figure 12. Dust particle size distribution at different distances from coal wall
图 13 距巷道底板不同距离处粉尘粒径分布
Figure 13. Dust particle size distribution at different distances from roadway floor
图 14 距回风侧巷道壁面不同距离处粉尘粒径分布
Figure 14. Dust particle size distribution at different distances from roadway wall of return air side
图 15 不同风速下呼吸带粉尘浓度分布
Figure 15. Dust concentration distribution in respiratory zone under different wind speeds
图 16 呼吸带进回风侧粉尘浓度分布
Figure 16. Dust concentration distribution in inlet and return air sides of respiratory zone
图 17 呼吸带回风侧不同风速排尘率
Figure 17. Dust removal rate under different wind speeds on return air side of respiratory zone
图 18 不同风速下呼吸带粉尘粒径分布
Figure 18. Dust particle size distribution in respiratory zone under different wind speeds
表 1 模拟参数设置
Table 1. Simulation parameters setting
参数 设置 参数 设置 入口边界类型 速度入口 粉尘类型 高挥发性煤 出口边界类型 自由出流 粒径分布 罗森−拉姆勒
分布函数入口速度/（m·s−1） 16.3 最小粒径/mm 0.001 壁面边界 反射 中位粒径/mm 0.032 壁面剪切条件 无滑移 最大粒径/mm 0.100 壁面运动 静止 分布指数 3.5 喷射源类型 面喷射 质量流率/（kg·s−1） 0.003 发尘时间/min 10 湍流扩散模型 随机轨道模型 
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