Research status and prospects of UWB radar life information recognition for mine rescue
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摘要: 超宽带（UWB）雷达可穿透煤岩等非磁性介质，实现坍塌物后人员生命信息探测。因矿井环境复杂，加载生命体征信号的UWB雷达探测回波易被环境噪声、杂波信号干扰，且人体目标信息识别困难。介绍了UWB雷达生命探测系统原理及其在矿山救援中的应用。从UWB雷达生命信息提取、动静态人体目标识别和生命体量化3个方面，对UWB雷达生命信息识别研究现状进行了归纳。指出目前UWB雷达生命探测技术在矿山救援领域应用存在的问题：① 针对井下坍塌环境中非平稳信号与环境噪声等的滤除方法研究较少。② 针对运动（或微动）目标姿势、行为、生命状态等信息的提取与表征方法有待改进，人体生命信息识别模型尚未完善且模型间特征关联性较低。③ 针对多目标产生的“混叠”问题缺乏解决方案。对面向矿山救援的UWB雷达生命信息识别研究方向作出展望：① 不断优化多类矿山灾变环境的噪声与杂波自适应滤除方法。② 构建适用于矿山救援领域的人体生命信息识别模型。③ 进一步提高对矿井遮蔽物后多目标的量化能力。④ 深入探究UWB雷达最佳探测频段确定方法。Abstract: Ultra-wide band (UWB) radar can penetrate non-magnetic media such as coal and rock to detect life information of personnel after collapse. Due to the complex mining environment, UWB radar loaded with vital sign signals is prone to interference from environmental noise and clutter signals. It is difficult to recognize human subject information. This paper introduces the principle of UWB radar life detection system and its application in mine rescue. This paper summarizes the current research status of UWB radar life information recognition from three aspects: UWB radar life information extraction, dynamic and static human object recognition, and life quantification. This paper points out the current issues with the application of UWB radar life detection technology in the field of mine rescue. ① There is limited research on filtering methods for non-stationary signals and environmental noise in underground collapse environments. ② The extraction and representation methods for posture, behavior, life status, and other information of moving (or micro moving) objects need to be improved. The human life information recognition model is not yet perfect and the feature correlation between models is low. ③ There is a lack of solutions to the "overlapping" problem caused by multiple objects. This paper proposes the prospects for the research direction of UWB radar life information recognition for mine rescue. ① It is suggested to continuously optimize noise and clutter adaptive filtering methods for multiple types of mine disaster environments. ② It is suggested to construct a human life information recognition model suitable for the field of mine rescue. ③ It is suggested to further improve the quantification capability of multi-object after mine shelter. ④ It is suggested to conduct depth exploration of the method for determining the optimal detection frequency band for UWB radar.
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