Research on the features of impact damage in roadways in high stress fault structure areas
-
摘要: 断层构造区静动载应力耦合作用加剧了井下断层区围岩冲击危险性，断层构造区巷道围岩应力分布规律及冲击动载响应特征存在显著特殊性。目前对于断层构造区的冲击研究主要集中于工作面采场附近，但对于断层构造区巷道冲击破坏鲜有研究。以陕西某矿深埋高应力断层构造区巷道为工程背景，分析了断层构造区巷道围岩变形破坏力学特征：① 断层面存在明显应力阻隔效应，正断层附近存在上盘应力集中区和下盘应力降低区2个特殊应力区。巷道由于断层面影响，巷帮静载集中应力呈现非对称分布特征，远离断层面侧应力集中程度大于靠近断层面侧，该侧巷道围岩冲击破坏危险程度增大。② 断层面对于应力波传递产生明显阻隔作用，正断层上盘动载响应大于下盘动载响应，由于巷道两帮应力非对称分布特征，右帮动载响应明显大于左帮。基于上述特征，提出了断层构造区巷道围岩“卸（大直径钻孔卸压）−支（梯次加固成层式吸能防冲支护）”协同防冲控制技术，工程试验结果表明：① 巷道围岩采取“卸−支”协同防冲处理措施后，巷道两帮应力集中区往围岩深部转移3～5 m，应力峰值降低18.5%～20.3%，巷道帮部围岩应力集中程度显著降低。② 采用“卸−支”协同防冲处理措施前，巷道顶底板及两帮变形量分别为856，334，325，567 mm，巷道围岩变形破坏严重，采用“卸−支”协同防冲处理措施后，巷道围岩变形量降低35.69%～62.03%，巷道围岩稳定性增强。③ 钻孔煤粉量显著低于临界粉煤量，巷道围岩动力显现降低。Abstract: The coupling effect of static and dynamic stress in fault structure areas exacerbates the risk of rock impact in underground fault areas. The stress distribution law and impact dynamic load response features of roadway surrounding rock in fault structure areas have significant peculiarities. At present, research on the impact of fault structures mainly focuses on the vicinity of the working face, but there is little research on the impact damage of roadways in fault structures. Taking the roadway in a deep buried high stress fault structure area of a mine in Shaanxi Province as the engineering background, the mechanical features of deformation and failure of the roadway surrounding rock in the fault structure area are analyzed. ① There is a significant stress barrier effect on the fault plane, and there are two special stress zones near the normal fault, namely the stress concentration zone in the hanging wall and the stress reduction zone in the lower wall. Due to the influence of the fault plane, the static load concentration stress of the roadway side shows an asymmetric distribution feature. The stress concentration on the side far from the fault plane is greater than that on the side near the fault plane, and the risk of impact damage to the surrounding rock of the roadway on this side increases. ② The fault plane has a significant barrier effect on the transmission of stress waves, and the dynamic load response of the hanging wall of the normal fault is greater than that of the lower wall. Due to the asymmetric distribution of stress on the two sides of the roadway, the dynamic load response of the right side is significantly greater than that of the left side. Based on the above features, a collaborative anti impact control technology of "unloading (large diameter drilling pressure relief) - support (stepped reinforcement into layered energy absorption and anti impact support)" is proposed for the surrounding rock of the fault structure area roadway. The engineering test results show the following points. ① After adopting the "unloading support" collaborative anti impact treatment measures for the roadway surrounding rock , the stress concentration areas of the two sides of the roadway are transferred to the deep part of the surrounding rock by 3-5 meters. The stress peak value is reduced by 18.5%-20.3%, and the stress concentration degree of the roadway surrounding rock is significantly reduced. ② Before the implementation of the "unloading support" collaborative anti impact treatment measures, the deformation of the roadway roof, floor, and two sides are 856, 334, 325, and 567 mm, respectively. The deformation and damage of the roadway surrounding rock are severe. After adopting the "unloading support" collaborative treatment measures, the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock decreases by 35.69%-62.03%, and the stability of the roadway surrounding rock is enhanced. ③ The coal powder content in the borehole is also significantly lower than the critical coal powder content, and the dynamic power of the roadway surrounding rock is reduced.
-
图 2 断层构造区巷道冲击破坏模型
Figure 2. Model of impact damage in roadway in fault structure areas
图 4 断层构造区垂直应力分布云图
Figure 4. Vertical stress distribution cloud map in fault structure areas
图 5 巷道开挖垂直应力分布云图
Figure 5. Vertical stress distribution cloud map during roadway excavation
图 6 断层构造区垂直应力分布曲线
Figure 6. Vertical stress distribution curve of fault structure areas
图 7 巷道开挖垂直应力分布曲线
Figure 7. Vertical stress distribution curve during roadway excavation
图 8 冲击动载作用下的巷道围岩振动速度云图（σd=30 MPa）
Figure 8. Cloud map of roadway surrounding rock vibration velocity under impact dynamic load（σd=30 MPa）
图 9 不同冲击强度作用下巷道围岩质点振动速度曲线
Figure 9. Vibration velocity curves of roadway surrounding rock particles under different impact intensities
图 11 梯次加固成层式吸能防冲支护原理
Figure 11. Principle of ladder reinforcement into layered energy absorption and anti impact support
图 15 巷道帮部煤粉量变化曲线
Figure 15. Variation curveS of coal powder quantity in the roadway side
表 1 动载参数
Table 1. Dynamic load parameters
序号 施加荷载/MPa 能量/J 波速/（m·s−1） 最大峰值速度/（m·s−1） 1 10 103～104 4 850 0.88 2 30 104～105 4 850 2.63 3 60 105～106 4 850 5.26 4 100 106～107 4 850 8.77 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 何满潮,武毅艺,高玉兵,等. 深部采矿岩石力学进展[J]. 煤炭学报,2024,49(1):75-99.HE Manchao,WU Yiyi,GAO Yubing,et al. Research progress of rock mechanics in deep mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2024,49(1):75-99. [2] 翟成,丛钰洲,陈爱坤,等. 中国煤矿瓦斯突出灾害治理的若干思考及展望[J]. 中国矿业大学学报,2023,52(6):1146-1161.ZHAI Cheng,CONG Yuzhou,CHEN Aikun,et al. Reflection and prospect on the prevention of gas outburst disasters in China's coal mines[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2023,52(6):1146-1161. [3] 单仁亮,洪道余,仝潇,等. 九龙矿深部巷道管索组合结构支护技术研究[J]. 煤炭技术,2023,42(9):8-12.SHAN Renliang,HONG Daoyu,TONG Xiao,et al. Research on support technology of anchor cable with c-shaped tube in deep roadways of Jiulong Coal Mine[J]. Coal Technology,2023,42(9):8-12. [4] 蔡武,窦林名,王桂峰,等. 煤层采掘活动引起断层活化的力学机制及其诱冲机理[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2019,36(6):1193-1202.CAI Wu,DOU Linming,WANG Guifeng,et al. Mechanism of fault reactivation and its induced coal burst caused by coal mining activities[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2019,36(6):1193-1202. [5] 魏向志. 逆冲断层和巨厚砾岩耦合作用诱冲机制研究[J]. 煤炭工程,2019,51(9):106-111.WEI Xiangzhi. Analysis of rock burst mechanism induced by coupling effect of thrust fault and huge thick conglomerate[J]. Coal Engineering,2019,51(9):106-111. [6] 郭长升,王学滨,薛承宇,等. 正断层上盘开采断层附近应力时空分布数值模拟[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2023,51(3):61-67.GUO Changsheng,WANG Xuebin,XUE Chengyu,et al. Numerical simulation of spatiotemporal distributions of stresses in vicinity of normal fault due to mining within hanging wall[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2023,51(3):61-67. [7] 孟祥军,张广超,李友,等. 深厚表土覆岩结构运移演化及高应力突变致灾机理[J]. 煤炭学报,2023,48(5):1919-1931.MENG Xiangjun,ZHANG Guangchao,LI You,et al. Migration evolution laws of overburden structure with deep-lying thick surface soil and disaster mechanism induced by high stress mutation[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2023,48(5):1919-1931. [8] 魏世明,王富莹,张泽升. 逆断层上下盘开采冲击危险性模拟及实验研究[J]. 煤炭工程,2022,54(11):124-130.WEI Shiming,WANG Fuying,ZHANG Zesheng. Modeling and experimental analysis of rockburst risk of mining in hanging wall or footwall of reverse fault[J]. Coal Engineering,2022,54(11):124-130. [9] 荣海,魏世龙,张宏伟,等. 井下断层活动的定量监测及其对冲击地压的影响研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2024,52(2):10-22. doi: 10.12438/cst.2023-1140RONG Hai,WEI Shilong,ZHANG Hongwei,et al. Research on quantitative monitoring of underground fault activity and its influence on rock burst[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2024,52(2):10-22. doi: 10.12438/cst.2023-1140 [10] 王宏伟,田政,王晴,等. 采动诱发断层覆岩耦合失稳的突变效应[J]. 煤炭学报,2023,48(8):2961-2975.WANG Hongwei,TIAN Zheng,WANG Qing,et al. Investigation on the mutation effect induced by the coupled destabilization of fault and overburden rock strata during coal mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2023,48(8):2961-2975. [11] 王志强,黄鑫,苏泽华,等. 临近断层工作面采动诱冲规律研究[J]. 中国安全生产科学技术,2021,17(5):67-72.WANG Zhiqiang,HUANG Xin,SU Zehua,et al. Research on laws of mining-induced rock burst in working face near fault[J]. Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2021,17(5):67-72. [12] 吴振华,潘鹏志,潘俊锋,等. 地堑构造区冲击地压发生机制及矿震活动规律[J]. 岩土力学,2021,42(8):2225-2238.WU Zhenhua,PAN Pengzhi,PAN Junfeng,et al. Analysis of mechanism of rock burst and law of mining induced events in graben structural area[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2021,42(8):2225-2238. [13] 潘立友,李彩荣,陈理强. 断层夹持型不规则工作面冲击地压成因与防控[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2018,46(10):45-50.PAN Liyou,LI Cairong,CHEN Liqiang. Causes and prevention of rock burst from irregular face clamped with fault[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(10):45-50. [14] 王爱文,潘一山,李忠华,等. 断层作用下深部开采诱发冲击地压相似试验研究[J]. 岩土力学,2014,35(9):2486-2492.WANG Aiwen,PAN Yishan,LI Zhonghua,et al. Similar experimental study of rockburst induced by mining deep coal seam under fault action[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(9):2486-2492. [15] 李振雷,窦林名,蔡武,等. 深部厚煤层断层煤柱型冲击矿压机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(2):333-342. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6915.2013.02.015LI Zhenlei,DOU Linming,CAI Wu,et al. Fault-pillar induced rock burst mechanism of thick coal seam in deep mining[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(2):333-342. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6915.2013.02.015 [16] 王同旭,曹明辉,江东海. 采动影响下断层活化失稳及能量释放规律研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2022,50(7):75-83.WANG Tongxu,CAO Minghui,JIANG Donghai. Study on law of fault activation,failure and energy release under influence of mining[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2022,50(7):75-83. [17] 林远东,涂敏,付宝杰,等. 采动影响下断层稳定性的力学机理及其控制研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2019,47(9):158-165.LIN Yuandong,TU Min,FU Baojie,et al. Study on mechanics mechanism and control of fault stability under mining-induced influence[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2019,47(9):158-165. [18] 谭云亮,谭涛,张修峰,等. 正断层两盘动力灾害显现差异性及机制[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2023,51(1):214-223.TAN Yunliang,TAN Tao,ZHANG Xiufeng,et al. Difference and mechanism of dynamic behaviors between two walls of normal fault[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2023,51(1):214-223. [19] 谭云亮,张修峰,肖自义,等. 冲击地压主控因素及孕灾机制[J]. 煤炭学报,2024,49(1):367-379.TAN Yunliang,ZHANG Xiufeng,XIAO Ziyi,et al. Main control factors of rock burst and its disaster evolution mechanism[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2024,49(1):367-379. [20] 谭彦,郭伟耀,王浩,等. 不同倾角断层滑移失稳机制试验研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报,2024,41(4):749-758.TAN Yan,GUO Weiyao,WANG Hao,et al. Experimental study on sliding instability mechanism of faults with different dip angles[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2024,41(4):749-758. [21] 张翔,朱斯陶,张修峰,等. 深厚表土综放采场断层煤柱整体失稳型冲击地压机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报,2024,43(3):713-727.ZHANG Xiang,ZHU Sitao,ZHANG Xiufeng,et al. Research on the mechanism of overall instability type rock burst of fault coal pillars in deep topsoil fully mechanized top coal caving mining area[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2024,43(3):713-727. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 119
- HTML全文浏览量: 40
- PDF下载量: 27
- 被引次数: 0
