深埋矿井沿空留巷切顶卸压底板变形控制

孙靖康; 涂敏; 赵庆冲; 党嘉鑫; 张欣; 李亚勉

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2024040096

深埋矿井沿空留巷切顶卸压底板变形控制

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2024040096

安徽理工大学矿业工程学院，安徽淮南　232001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52074008)。

详细信息

作者简介:
孙靖康（2000—），男，安徽安庆人，硕士，研究方向为矿山压力与围岩控制，E-mail：1041527431@qq.com

通讯作者:
涂敏（1964—），男，安徽六安人，教授，研究方向为矿山压力与围岩控制，E-mail：mtu@aust.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TD322.5
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-29
- 修回日期: 2024-07-16
- 网络出版日期: 2024-08-02

Floor deformation control for roof cutting and pressure relief in gob-side entry retaining of deep buried mines

School of Mining Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan 232001, China

摘要

摘要: 目前有关巷道底鼓的研究与实践主要探讨巷道底板的变形机理及控制技术，对沿空留巷切顶卸压前后底板力学分析不全面。针对该问题，基于煤体分区破坏特征构建了切顶前后巷道围岩和底板力学模型，分析实体煤、巷旁支护及采空区对底板的作用，获得切顶前后巷道底鼓解析解，得出巷旁煤帮弹塑性区、巷道支护体及顶板下沉区底板所受载荷共同影响巷道底鼓量大小。采用数值模拟验证切顶卸压前后沿空留巷围岩破坏特征、应力分布及底鼓量变化，结果表明：切顶卸压技术可有效缩小巷道实体煤侧面及顶部的破坏区域，维持巷道围岩结构稳定；巷道底板最大应力、巷旁支护阻力、巷道底鼓量均下降，平均降幅分别为25.78%，56.14%，54.07%。现场应用结果表明，厚硬顶板沿空留巷底鼓量由709.345 1 mm降至320.965 8 mm，切顶卸压技术可以优化巷道围岩应力结构，抑制巷道底鼓，有效改善底板破坏情况。
- 底板变形控制 /
- 沿空留巷 /
- 切顶卸压 /
- 力学分析 /
- 围岩破坏特征 /
- 应力分布 /
- 底鼓
Abstract: Currently, research and practice on roadway floor heave mainly explore the deformation mechanism and control technology of roadway floor. The mechanical analysis of floor before and after roof cutting and pressure relief in gob-side entry retaining is not comprehensive. In order to solve the above problem, mechanical models of the surrounding rock and floor of the roadway before and after roof cutting are constructed based on the features of coal partition failure. The effects of solid coal, roadway support, and goaf on the floor are analyzed. The analytical solutions for the floor heave of the roadway before and after roof cutting are obtained. The conclusion is drawn that the elastic-plastic zone of the coal wall beside the roadway, the support structure of the roadway, and the load on the floor of the subsidence zone jointly affect the magnitude of the roadway floor heave. Numerical simulation is used to verify the features of rock mass failure, stress distribution, and changes in floor heave in gob-side entry retaining before and after roof cutting and pressure relief. The results show that roof cutting and pressure relief technology can effectively reduce the damage area on the solid coal side and top of the roadway, and maintain the stability of the roadway rock mass structure. The maximum stress of the roadway floor, the resistance of the roadway side support, and the amount of roadway floor heave all decrease, with an average decrease of 25.78%, 56.14%, and 54.07%, respectively. The on-site application results show that the amount of floor heave of thick hard top in gob-side entry retaining is reduced from 709.345 1 mm to 320.965 8 mm. The roof cutting and pressure relief technology can optimize the stress structure of the surrounding rock of the roadway, suppress the floor heave of the roadway, and effectively improve the floor damage.
- floor deformation control /
- gob-side entry retaining /
- roof cutting and pressure relief /
- mechanical analysis /
- features of rock mass failure /
- stress distribution /
- floor heave

HTML全文

图 1 沿空留巷工作面布置及岩性特征

Figure 1. Arrangement of gob-side entry retaining working face and lithological characteristics

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图 2 沿空留巷围岩结构

Figure 2. Surrounding rock structure of gob-side entry retaining

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图 3 沿空留巷力学模型

Figure 3. Mechanical model of gob-side entry retaining

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图 4 沿空留巷底板力学模型

Figure 4. Mechanical modeling of gob-side entry retaining floor

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图 5 沿空留巷底板等效载荷分布力学模型

Figure 5. Mechanical model of equivalent load distribution on the floor of gob-side entry retaining

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图 6 切顶后沿空留巷围岩结构

Figure 6. Surrounding rock structure of gob-side entry retaining after roof cutting

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图 7 切顶后沿空留巷力学模型

Figure 7. Mechanical modeling of gob-side entry retaining after roof cutting

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图 8 切顶后沿空留巷底板等效载荷分布力学模型

Figure 8. Mechanical model of equivalent load distribution on the floor of gob-side entry retaining after roof cutting

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图 9 切顶卸压前后工作面破坏分布特征对比

Figure 9. Comparison of damage distribution characteristics of the working face before and after roof cutting and pressure relief

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图 10 切顶卸压前后工作面垂直应力对比

Figure 10. Comparison of vertical stress on the working face before and after roof cutting and pressure relief

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图 11 工作面推进切顶卸压前后巷道底鼓对比

Figure 11. Comparison of floor heave before and after roof cutting and pressure relief

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图 12 现场炮孔布置

Figure 12. Arrangement of blast hole on site

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图 13 切顶前后沿空留巷底鼓情况

Figure 13. Condition of the floor heave in the gob-side entry retaining before and after roof cutting

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表 1 各岩层物理力学参数

Table 1. Physical and mechanical parameters of each rock formation

岩性	弹性模量/GPa	抗拉强度/MPa	内摩擦角/（°）	泊松比	容重/ （kN·m⁻³）	黏聚力/MPa
细砂岩	42	6.50	25	0.16	27.0	5.4
粉细砂岩	18	2.35	31	0.21	26.0	3.8
中砂岩	12	2.11	28	0.22	26.2	3.3
泥岩	6	1.47	24	0.21	22.5	2.4
1煤	0.8	1.20	21	0.35	13.8	1.8
砂质泥岩	9	2.91	24	0.23	25.2	2.8

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