全光纤微震监测技术在底板突水监测中的应用研究

黄刚; 韩云春; 余国锋; 罗勇; 任波; 叶赞; 王立超; 赵靖; 徐一帆

doi:10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2024030037

全光纤微震监测技术在底板突水监测中的应用研究

doi: 10.13272/j.issn.1671-251x.2024030037

黄刚^{1, 2, 3,},
韩云春^{1, 2, ,},
余国锋^{1, 2, 3},
罗勇^{1, 2, 3},
任波^{1, 2},
叶赞⁴,
王立超⁴,
赵靖^{1, 2, 3},
徐一帆^{1, 2, 3}

1.
深部煤炭安全开采与环境保护全国重点实验室，安徽淮南　232001
2.
平安煤炭开采工程技术研究院有限责任公司，安徽淮南　232001
3.
平安煤矿瓦斯治理国家工程研究中心有限责任公司，安徽淮南　232000
4.
淮南矿业（集团）有限责任公司潘二煤矿，安徽淮南　232000

基金项目: 安徽省自然科学基金项目（2108085QE209，2008085ME145）；淮南市科技计划项目（4063）。

详细信息

作者简介:
黄刚（1994—），男，安徽岳西人，硕士，主要从事地球物理勘探理论与应用研究工作，E-mail：gangh16@163.com

通讯作者:
韩云春（1985—），男，安徽定远人，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事煤矿动力灾害监测预警与防控工作，E-mail：353683026@qq.com。

中图分类号: TD745
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-14
- 修回日期: 2024-06-15
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-10

Application research of all fiber optic microseismic monitoring technology in monitoring water inrush from floor

HUANG Gang^{1, 2, 3
,},
HAN Yunchun^{1, 2
, ,},
YU Guofeng^{1, 2, 3},
LUO Yong^{1, 2, 3},
REN Bo^{1, 2},
YE Zan⁴,
WANG Lichao⁴,
ZHAO Jing^{1, 2, 3},
XU Yifan^{1, 2, 3}

1.
National Key Laboratory of Safe Mining of Deep Coal and Environmental Protection, Huainan 232001, China
2.
Ping'an Coal Mining Engineering Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Huainan 232001, China
3.
Ping'an Coal Mine Gas Management National Engineering Research Center Co., Ltd., Huainan 232000, China
4.
Pan'er Coal Mine, Huainan Mining (Group) Co., Ltd., Huainan 232000, China

摘要

摘要: 目前国内的光纤微震监测系统多是基于光学光栅传感技术，而光纤光栅波长解调限制了系统检测频率与灵敏度，且长时间、连续不间断的微震监测成功案例较少。针对上述问题，提出了一种新型全光纤微震监测系统。以潘二煤矿11023工作面回采过程中底板突水监测为工程背景，使用全光纤微震监测系统与ESG微震监测系统进行对比，得出全光纤微震监测系统具有以下优势：记录的波形频谱特征更清晰，表现出高信噪比优势；对扰动深度的监测范围更大，远距离监测效果更好；震源定位结果分布更加合理，更符合工作面实际开采情况。在监测工作面回采全周期内，分析了11023工作面断层异常区底板破坏与微震活动性关系：在断层和煤层变薄异常区附近，微震事件的数量增多、强度增大；工作面初采期间应力集中释放，受采动影响，底板破坏较深；相对大能量事件主要分布在断层异常区的底板，底板破坏深度约为27 m，微震事件在3煤底板60 m以下没有成线或成面聚集的情况，说明裂隙并未扩展，未形成导水通道，工作面安全回采。
- 全光纤微震监测 /
- 底板突水 /
- 扰动深度 /
- 震源定位 /
- 断层异常区 /
- 微震活动性 /
- 相对大能量事件
Abstract: Currently, most fiber optic microseismic monitoring systems in China are based on optical grating sensing technology. However, fiber optic grating wavelength demodulation limits the detection frequency and sensitivity of the system, and there are few successful cases of long-term, continuous and uninterrupted microseismic monitoring. In order to solve the above problems, a new type of all fiber microseismic monitoring system is proposed. Taking the monitoring of water inrush from the floor during the mining process of Pan'er Coal Mine 11023 working face as the engineering background, a comparison is made between the all fiber optic microseismic monitoring system and the ESG microseismic monitoring system. It is found that the all fiber optic microseismic monitoring system has the following advantages. The recorded waveform spectrum features are clearer, showing a high signal-to-noise ratio advantage. The monitoring range for disturbance depth is larger, and the remote monitoring effect is better. The distribution of seismic source positioning results is more reasonable and more in line with the actual mining situation of the working face. During the monitoring of the entire mining cycle of the working face, the relationship between the floor failure and microseismic activity in the fault abnormal area of the 11023 working face is analyzed. Near the fault and coal seam thinning abnormal area, the number and intensity of microseismic events increase. During the initial mining period of the working face, stress is concentrated and released. Due to the influence of mining, the floor is severely damaged. Relatively high energy events are mainly distributed in the floor of the fault anomaly area, with a depth of about 27 meters of damage to the floor. Micro seismic events do not form a line or accumulate in a plane below 60 meters of the 3 coal seam floor. It indicates that cracks have not expanded and no water conducting channels have been formed. The working face can be safely mined.
- all fiber microseismic monitoring /
- floor water inrush /
- disturbance depth /
- source positioning /
- fault abnormal zone /
- microseismic activity /
- relatively high energy events

HTML全文

图 1 11023工作面

Figure 1. 11023 working face

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图 2 新型全光纤微震监测系统组成及实物

Figure 2. Composition and material object of new full-fiber optic microseismic monitoring system

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图 3 11023工作面全光纤微震监测系统布置

Figure 3. Layout of full-fiber optic microseismic monitoring system for 11023 working face

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图 4 全光纤微震监测系统安装过程

Figure 4. Installation process of full-fiber optic microseismic monitoring system

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图 5 微震监测波形对比

Figure 5. Comparison of microseismic monitoring waveforms

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图 6 微震监测波形FFT频谱对比

Figure 6. Comparison of FFT spectra of microseismic monitoring waveforms

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图 7 微震监测波形S变换频谱对比

Figure 7. Comparison of S-transform spectra of microseismic monitoring waveforms

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图 8 底板扰动深度监测结果对比

Figure 8. Comparison of monitoring results of floor disturbance depth

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图 9 震源定位结果对比

Figure 9. Comparison of source positioning results

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图 10 11023工作面底板水害情况监测微震事件总体分布俯视图和侧视图

Figure 10. Top view and side view of the overall distribution of microseismic events in the monitoring of water damage on the floor of 11023 working face

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图 11 11023工作面3煤底板月微震事件数量与当月进尺平均值关系

Figure 11. Relationship between the number of monthly microseismic events and the average footage in 11023 working face 3 coal floor

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图 12 底板微震事件空间分布

Figure 12. Spatial distribution of microseismic events on the floor

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图 13 每月底板破坏深度

Figure 13. Monthly floor failure depth

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图 14 断层构造区微震相对大能量事件分布俯视图和侧视图

Figure 14. Top view and side view of microseismic relative large energy events distribution in fault structure area

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图 15 底板微震大能量事件分布

Figure 15. Distribution of large energy events of microseismic on the floor

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表 1 全光纤微震监测系统性能指标

Table 1. Performance indicators of full-fiber optic microseismic monitoring system

性能指标	参数
最小时间同步精度	0.1 μs
工作环境温度	−10～60 °C
单端机数据采集通道数	16
动态范围	＞100 dB
采样率	32 kHz
采样数据传输距离	≥10 km
电压灵敏度	40 V/g
输出值	数字量，32 bit
可观测频带	20 Hz～5 kHz
最小可检测加速度	10⁻⁷ g@100 Hz
传感器尺寸（直径×高度）	42 mm×42 mm

下载: 导出CSV

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