Research on the influence of roadway obstacles on the position of wind speed monitoring
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摘要: 现有高精度风速传感器在井下的安装位置统一采用正常风流流动状况下的方案，未综合考虑巷道放置障碍物等导致风流异常的情况，达不到智能通风的风速精度要求，难以实现矿井的安全生产。针对上述问题，以小纪汗煤矿11218回风巷为研究对象，对井下巷道中障碍物不同位置与不同尺寸对风速的影响展开研究，结合现场实测巷道基础参数与Fluent软件构建贴合该矿特征的巷道模型，研究了距上游端口10 m处底板放置的障碍物与两帮的距离（简称间距L）及其形状大小、放置方式等因素对巷道风速监测位置的影响。① 定量分析结果发现：各模型于断面直角处存在微小部分的合理风速区域，其面积在L=0.5 m时最大，L=1 m时次之，L=0时最小；随着间距L的增加，风速传感器最佳布设位置随x坐标（巷道走向）的增加呈均匀分布−截面直角处微量分布−空心圆角矩形分布的规律，且合理风流向两帮扩散更快；L=0时，顶板位置中垂线的合理风流分布在2.59～2.78 m处；L=0.5 m时，顶板位置中垂线的合理风流分布在2.59～2.80 m处；L=1 m时，顶板位置中垂线的合理风流分布在2.61～2.78 m处。② 定性分析结果表明：放置障碍物巷道的平均风速均呈增大−减小−增大−平衡的状态；障碍物竖放或宽度增加对风流影响较大；障碍物体积相同，风速峰值大致相同；风流发展稳定时，L=0.5 m时风速可靠性最高，L=1 m时次之，L=0时可靠性相对最低。③ 通过风速普适性分析得出：在同模型下，不同风速变化率均处于上升−下降−再上升−平衡的4个阶段；在模型2、间距L=0.5 m条件下，对回风巷风流运移规律影响较小的结论具有风速普适性。Abstract: The existing high-precision wind speed sensors are uniformly installed in the coal mines under normal airflow conditions. It does not consider the abnormal airflow caused by obstacles placed in the roadway. It cannot meet the wind speed precision requirements of intelligent ventilation and it is difficult to achieve safe production in the mine. In order to solve the above problems, taking the 11218 return air roadway of Xiaojihan Coal Mine as the research object, the influence of different positions and sizes of obstacles in the underground roadway on wind speed is studied. Based on on-site measured roadway basic parameters and Fluent software, a roadway model is constructed that fits the features of the mine. The influence of factors such as the distance between the obstacle placed on the floor at a distance of 10 meters from the upstream port and the two sides (referred to as the distance L), its shape, size, and position on the monitoring position of roadway wind speed is studied. ① The quantitative analysis results show that there are small reasonable wind speed regions at the right angles of the cross-section for each model. The maximum area is when L=0.5 m, followed by when L=1 m, and the minimum area is when L=0 m. As the distance L increases, the optimal placement position of the wind speed sensor follows a uniform distribution with the increase of the x-coordinate (roadway direction) - a trace distribution at the right angle of the cross-section - a hollow rounded rectangle distribution pattern. The reasonable airflow diffuses faster towards the two sides. When L=0 m, the reasonable airflow distribution of the vertical line in the roof position is at 2.59-2.78 m. When L=0.5 m, the reasonable airflow distribution of the vertical line in the roof position is between 2.59-2.80. When L=1 m, the reasonable airflow distribution of the vertical line in the roof position is 2.61-2.78 m. ② The qualitative analysis results indicate that the average wind speed in the roadway with obstacles is in a state of increase - decrease - increase - balance. The vertical placement or increase in width of obstacles has a significant impact on wind flow. The volume of obstacles is the same, and the peak wind speed is roughly the same. When the wind flow develops steadily, the wind speed reliability is highest at L=0.5 m, followed by L=1 m, and the reliability is lowest at L=0 m. ③ Through the analysis of wind speed universality, it can be concluded that under the same model, different wind speed change rates are in four stages of ascending - descending - ascending - balancing. Under the condition of model 2 and spacing L=0.5 m, the conclusion that the influence on the air flow transport law of the return air roadway is relatively small has wind speed universality.
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图 5 L=0时所有模型的5种截面位置所对应的风流场云图
Figure 5. Cloud plot of wind fields corresponding to the five cross-sectional positions of all models at L =0 m
图 6 L=0.5 m时所有模型的5种截面位置所对应的风流场云图
Figure 6. Cloud plot of wind fields corresponding to the five cross-sectional positions of all models at L =0.5 m
图 7 L=1 m时所有模型的5种截面位置所对应的风流场云图
Figure 7. Cloud plot of wind fields corresponding to the five cross-sectional positions of all models at L=1 m
表 1 11218回风巷截面参数信息
Table 1. 11218 return air roadway parameter information
高度/m 宽度/m 周长/m 断面积/m2 进风口风速/（m·s−1） 3.16 5.54 17.4 17.51 2 
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表 2 障碍物信息
Table 2. Obstacle information
l/m b/m h/m 障碍物1 1 1 1 障碍物2 2 1 1 障碍物3 1 1 0.5 障碍物4 2 1 0.5 障碍物5 1 0.5 1 障碍物6 2 0.5 1
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