The practice of rock burst disaster prevention and control in the stress concentration area of Zhangshuanglou Coal Mine
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摘要: 目前的爆破卸压防治措施仅针对煤层顶板,对顶板-煤体-底板三协同爆破卸压治理研究较少,特别对坚硬厚层砂岩顶板覆层区域的冲击灾害防治研究更少。针对上述问题,以江苏徐矿能源股份有限公司张双楼煤矿74101工作面为工程背景,从开采布局、煤岩冲击倾向性、砂岩覆层区应力集中程度方面分析了其冲击灾害诱发因素,揭示了煤岩体突然失稳破坏诱发冲击灾害的原因,认为顶板砂岩覆层异常、断层地质构造、底板坚硬细砂岩等地质条件造成局部高应力集中是诱发冲击灾害的主要原因。采用矿震震动波CT反演技术精准探测得到74101工作面强冲击危险区:运输巷侧沿巷道75 m,延伸工作面60 m椭圆形区域;轨道巷侧沿巷道60 m,延伸工作面80 m椭圆形区域。针对划分的高应力集中区,提出了精准的“顶板-煤体-底板”一体化爆破卸压技术,对74101工作面冲击危险区域进行卸压防冲,并采用微震监测手段及现场观测对卸压防冲效果进行评价。结果表明:爆破卸压后,74101工作面厚硬砂岩覆层区矿震日累计能量由1.57×104 J降低至104 J以下,震动频次降低50%,矿震活动呈现低能量、低频次的特征,冲击危险性显著降低,验证了一体化爆破卸压技术适用于张双楼煤矿厚硬砂岩覆层区冲击动力灾害防治。
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关键词:
- 煤炭开采 /
- 综采工作面 /
- 冲击地压 /
- “顶板-煤体-底板”一体化爆破卸压 /
- 砂岩覆层区应力异常区 /
- CT反演 /
- 矿震能量 /
- 震动频次
Abstract: The current pressure relief blasting methods are only for the coal seam roof, and there are few researches on the roof-coal-floor synergistic pressure relief blasting management, especially for the rock burst disaster prevention and control in the hard and thick sandstone roof overburden area. In order to solve the above problems, taking the 74101 working face of Zhangshuanglou Coal Mine of Jiangsu Xukuang Energy Co., Ltd. as the engineering background, this study analyzes the rock burst disaster inducing factors from the aspects of mining layout, coal rock burst tendency and sandstone overburden area stress concentration degree. This study reveals the reasons for the rock burst disaster induced by the sudden instability of coal rock mass. It is proposed that the local high stress concentration, caused by the geological conditions such as abnormal sandstone overburden area of roof, fault geological structure and hard fine sandstone of floor, is the main cause of rock burst disaster. The CT inversion technology of mine rock burst vibration wave is used to accurately detect the high rock burst risk area of 74101 working face: the transportation lane side is 75 m along the roadway and the extended working face is 60 m elliptical area; the track lane side is 60 m along the roadway and the extended working face is 80 m elliptical area. Aiming at the targeted high stress concentration areas, a precise "roof-coal-floor" synergistic pressure relief blasting technology is proposed to relieve pressure in the rock burst risk area of 74101 working face and adopt micro-seismic monitoring methods and on-site observation methods to evaluate the effect of pressure relief and rock burst prevention. The results show that after pressure relief blasting, the daily cumulative energy of mine rock burst in the hard and thick sandstone overburden area of 74101 working face is reduced from 1.57×104 J to below 104 J and the vibration frequency is reduced by 50%. Moreover, the characteristics of mine rock burst are low energy and low frequency, and rock burst risk is significantly reduced. Therefore, it is verified that the synergistic pressure relief blasting technology is applicable to the prevention and control of rock burst disasters in the hard and thick sandstone overburden area of Zhangshuanglou Coal Mine.
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