Development trend of coal mine informatization and automatio
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摘要: 分析了2004—2013年全国煤矿百万吨事故率、百万吨死亡率、亿吨重特大事故率和亿吨重特大事故死亡率。提出融合机器视觉、激光测距、雷达测距和测速、人工智能等的胶轮车和电机车智能无人驾驶方法及矿用机器人与救灾机器人自动导航控制方法。探讨了矿用机器视觉的特点及其在煤矿井下的应用。提出煤矿井下移动通信主要是4G和WiFi技术;5G移动通信传输速度更快、工作频率更高,更适用于煤矿井下。指出较大辐射功率的无线电波不但会引爆瓦斯和电雷管,还会造成人身伤害;较大发射功率和增益的天线,应尽量布置在巷道顶部,远离固定岗位作业人员,避免长时间辐射。提出矿用机器人与救灾机器人宜选用锂电池大马力微电机旋翼无人机,需研究煤矿井下机器人远程无线控制和自动导航控制技术。提出基于气体和温度遥测传感器的采空区火灾监测预警方法。提出了防煤炭盗采监测技术需求。分析了可见光通信用于煤矿井下的优点和不足。Abstract: The paper analyzed accident rate per million tons, death rate per million tons, serious accident rate per one hundred million tons and serious accident death rate per one hundred million tons during 2004-2013. It proposed intelligent unmanned steer methods of rubber-tyred vehicle and electric locomotive, and navigation control method of mine-used robots and disaster rescue robots which mixed with machine vision, laser ranging, radar ranging and velocity measurement and artificial intelligence. It studied characteristics of mine-used machine vision and its application in coal mine. It put forward that underground mobile communication mainly uses 4G and WiFi technologies, and 5G mobile communication with faster transmission speed and higher working frequency which is more suitable for underground. It pointed out that radio wave with larger radiation power not only ignites gas and electric detonator, but also causes personal injury. It also pointed out antenna with larger transmission power and gain should be installed on top of roadway and far away from fixed post operating personnel, so as to avoid radiation for long time. It proposed mine-used robots and disaster rescue robots should employ unmanned rotorcraft with lithium battery and high power micro motor, and technologies of remote wireless control and automatic navigation control of underground robots should be studied. It put forward monitoring and early warning methods for fire disaster in goaf based on gas and temperature remote measuring sensors. It put forward technology requirements of monitoring for preventing coal mining illegally. It analyzed advantages and shortcomings of underground visible light communication.
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Key words:
- coal mine /
- informatization /
- automation /
- machine vision /
- intelligent navigation /
- visible light communicatio
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