Research on the application of area safety assessment model in coal mine safety management
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摘要:
当前煤矿安全监测和管理系统的安全评价粒度基本都是矿井级或子系统级,无法针对矿井的不同区域进行精细化管理。针对该问题,基于矿井各区域作业场景特点,面向安全风险评价提出了一种统一的区域划分方法,将风险、隐患、灾害与区域工况、设备维护管理及人员定位等信息结合,对各安全系统数据进行统一区域划分和整理;从人、机、环、管4个维度对安全指标体系开展综合评价,通过主观赋权和客观赋权相结合的方法计算区域安全评估中的各指标权重,主观赋权通过层次分析法实现,客观赋权法采用熵权法实现;构建区域安全评估模型,对煤矿当前安全情况进行定量化评估和等级划分,采用归一化融合权重计算基础安全评分,并考虑高风险组合、历史趋势变化及区域间耦合影响对评分进行修正,得到矿井各级区域的综合安全评分。该模型已成功应用于陕西小保当矿业有限公司的智能化综合管控平台,为准确评估煤矿井下安全风险、提高煤矿安全管理水平提供了有效参考。
Abstract:The safety evaluation granularity of the current coal mine safety monitoring and management system is basically at the mine level or subsystem level. It cannot be finely managed for different areas of the mine. In order to solve the above problem, a unified area division method is proposed for safety risk assessment based on the features of operational scenarios in various areas of the mine. This method combines information such as risks, hidden dangers, disasters with area operating conditions, equipment maintenance management, and personnel positioning to unify and organize data from various safety systems. A comprehensive assessment of the safety indicator system is conducted from four dimensions: human, machine, environment, and management. The weights of each indicator in the area safety assessment are calculated through a combination of subjective and objective weighting methods. The subjective weighting is achieved through the analytic hierarchy process, while the objective weighting method is achieved through the entropy weighting method. The method constructs an area safety assessment model, which quantitatively evaluates and classifies the current safety situation of coal mines. The method uses normalized fusion weights to calculate the basic safety score, and considers high-risk combinations, historical trend changes, and inter regional coupling effects to modify the score. The comprehensive safety scores of all levels of coal mine areas are obtained. This model has been successfully applied to the intelligent comprehensive control platform of Shaanxi Xiaobaodang Mining Co., Ltd.. It provides effective reference for accurately evaluating underground safety risks in coal mines and improving the level of coal mine safety management.
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表 1 区域划分示例
Table 1. An example of area division
1级区域
名称2级区域
名称3级区域
名称4级区域
名称井下 1号井 掘进工作面 1001掘进工作面 综采工作面 1002综采工作面 1003综采工作面 辅运巷 1004辅运巷 1005辅运巷 井筒 主斜井 副斜井 回风立井 大巷 主运大巷 辅运大巷 胶运大巷 辅运斜巷 回风大巷 2号井 掘进工作面 1101掘进工作面 综采工作面 1002综采工作面 1003综采工作面 地面 选煤厂 原煤车间 1201胶带 煤仓 块煤仓 1号块煤仓 表 2 区域安全评分示例
Table 2. An example of area safety score
区域 分类 因素 $ \kappa $ $ \mu $ $ \omega $ 初始
评分基础
得分高风险
组合修正趋势变化
修正区域间
耦合修正最终
得分112204工作面 人 “三违” 0.12 0.09 0.17 83 14.3 0 1.4 0 15.7 持证比例 0.06 0.08 0.07 88 6.3 0 0.6 0 6.9 健康状况 0.06 0.06 0.06 85 4.9 0 0 0 4.9 教育水平 0.03 0.03 0.01 82 1.0 0 0 0 1.0 机 机械设备运行状态 0.04 0.06 0.04 89 3.4 0 0 0 3.4 故障诊断结果 0.03 0.06 0.03 84 2.4 0 0 0 2.4 维修记录 0.03 0.04 0.02 90 1.7 0 0 0 1.7 环 水 0.06 0.06 0.06 86 4.9 0 0 0 4.9 火 0.06 0.05 0.05 89 4.3 −1.7 0 0 2.6 瓦斯 0.04 0.03 0.02 90 1.4 −0.6 0 0 0.9 粉尘 0.05 0.05 0.04 84 3.3 0 −0.3 0 3.0 风 0.05 0.04 0.03 90 2.9 1.0 −0.3 1.0 4.6 地质状态 0.04 0.04 0.03 85 2.2 0 0 0 2.2 管 安全管理制度与执行 0.10 0.08 0.13 86 11.0 0 0 0 11.0 风险事件防治与处理指导 0.07 0.08 0.09 86 7.7 0 0 0 7.7 是否结构合理、职责明确 0.06 0.07 0.07 87 5.8 0 0 0 5.8 技术和安全培训 0.07 0.08 0.09 88 7.9 0 0 0 7.9 应急预案 0.03 0.02 0.01 84 0.8 0 0 0 0.8 汇总 — — 1 1 1 — 86.1 −1.3 1.4 1.0 87.3 表 3 煤矿区域安全评价模拟计算结果
Table 3. Simulation calculation results of coal mine area safety evaluation
发生
区域致因 区域安全评估模型模拟计算 对应安全
影响因素初始
扣分权重 综合
扣分预估安全
得分(等级)转载
运输巷1) 未确定临时支护有效 (人)“三违” −60 0.18 −29.1 56.9(危险) 2) 未仔细观察顶板完好情况 3) 进入严重失修区域冒险作业 4) 矸石突然冒落 (环)地质状态 −30 0.04 5) 安全生产主体责任落实不到位 (管)是否结构合理、职责明确 −60 0.08 6) 现场监督检查不到位,造成严重后果 7) 现场安全管理不到位,造成重大后果 (管)安全管理制度与执行 −60 0.13 8) 职工安全教育培训不到位 (管)技术和安全培训 −50 0.09 带式
输送机
石门1) 绞车司机违章操作,未按规定停车 (人)“三违” −40 0.18 −27.3 58.7(危险) 2) 工作人员擅自违章进入运输支架路线 3) 双速绞车钢丝绳钩头连接处突然断裂 (机)机械设备运行状态 −30 0.05 4) 现场安全管理不到位 (管)安全管理制度与执行 −60 0.12 5) 安全管理存在漏洞,存在严重安全隐患 6) 安全隐患排查治理不到位,产生严重后果 (管)风险事件防治与处理指导 −60 0.10 7) 安全教育培训不到位 (管)技术和安全培训 −60 0.09 8) 机电技术管理培训不到位 -
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