Abstract: For status that most coal mine safety monitoring and control systems adopt fixed and wired sensor network which has blind spots, the paper proposed a design scheme of mine environmental data acquisition equipment based on wireless ad hoc networks, and introduced design of low-power wireless ad hoc networks in details. The equipment takes ATmega16L signle-chip microcomputer as master chip, achieves wireless transceiver by RF transceiver chip NRF24L01, and uses planar network topology and on-demand routing mode. It realizes collection of mine environmental data and early warning, reduces monitoring blind spots, and has higher security and reliability.