单双源瓦斯爆炸模式下冲击波传播特性研究

Study on shock wave propagation characteristics under single- and dual-source gas explosion modes

  • 摘要: 为揭示不同角度分岔巷道内单双源瓦斯爆炸冲击波传播特性与灾害特征,采用CFD数值模拟方法,构建主巷长100 m、支巷长30 m的分岔巷道三维模型,设置 30°、60°、90°、120°、150° 五种分岔角度,系统开展单源爆炸、双源同时爆炸、双源序列引爆三种典型工况的模拟研究。结果表明:1)单源爆炸中,分岔角度对应的超压差异主要集中在岔口及下游中近场区间,岔口及下游各测点超压峰值随分岔角度呈“倒V型”变化,90°分岔时岔口峰值最大(1.526 MPa),远场超压对分岔角度的依赖性明显减弱。2)双源同时爆炸中,分岔角度通过改变两列冲击波在岔口的交汇模式显著影响下游叠加效应,随着分岔角度增大,叠加后的复合冲击波向主巷下游分配的能量增多,远场测点超压峰值整体升高、出现时间逐步提前。3)双源序列引爆中,支巷瓦斯二次爆炸存在冲击波诱导与火焰诱导两种起爆模式;主巷下游各测点超压峰值随分岔角度增大整体呈单调递增,大角度(≥90°)工况下出现“远场峰值反超近场”现象。4)单源爆炸整体危险性相对较低;双源同时爆炸危害集中于岔口及主巷中近场;双源序列引爆对支巷深部和主巷远场威胁更大,具有二次峰值高、荷载持续时间长等特点。研究结果可为复杂结构巷道中多源瓦斯爆炸危险区划分、分岔角度优化以及防爆与隔爆措施布置提供参考。

     

    Abstract: To reveal the propagation characteristics and hazard characteristics of shock waves in single- and dual-source gas explosions in bifurcated roadways with different angles, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation method was adopted to construct a three-dimensional model of a bifurcated roadway with a main roadway length of 100 m and a branch roadway length of 30 m. Five bifurcation angles (30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150°) were set, and three typical explosion scenarios were systematically simulated: single-source explosion, simultaneous dual-source explosion, and sequential dual-source explosion. The results show that: (1) In single-source explosions, the differences in overpressure corresponding to the bifurcation angle are mainly concentrated in the bifurcation point and the mid-to-near-field downstream region. The peak overpressure at the bifurcation point and downstream measuring points exhibits an “inverted V-shaped” variation with the bifurcation angle, reaching a maximum of 1.526 MPa at 90°. The dependence of far-field overpressure on the bifurcation angle is significantly weakened. (2) In simultaneous dual-source explosions, the bifurcation angle significantly affects the downstream superposition effect by altering the intersection pattern of the two shock waves at the bifurcation point. As the bifurcation angle increases, more energy of the superimposed composite shock wave is distributed to the downstream main roadway, leading to a gradual increase in the peak overpressure at far-field measuring points and an earlier arrival time. (3) In sequential dual-source explosions, two initiation modes (shock wave-induced and flame-induced) exist for the secondary gas explosion in the branch roadway. The peak overpressure at downstream measuring points of the main roadway increases monotonically with the bifurcation angle, and a phenomenon of “far-field peak exceeding near-field peak” occurs at large angles (≥90°). (4) Single-source explosions present relatively low overall hazards; simultaneous dual-source explosions primarily threaten the bifurcation point and the mid-to-near-field of the main roadway; sequential dual-source explosions pose a greater threat to the deep part of the branch roadway and the far-field of the main roadway, characterized by a high secondary peak and long load duration. The results can provide a reference for hazard zone classification of multi-source gas explosions in roadways with complex structures, optimization of bifurcation angles, and layout of explosion-proof and explosion-isolation measures.

     

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